| 171 Mar. | CONSULS: C.(1) CASSIUS LONGINUS and P. Licinius CRASSUS | 171 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-873, 799, csm, wikCon, wikCg |
| c.171 | Lex Licinia et Cassia by consuls P. Licinius Crassus, C.(1) Cassius Longinus, permits consuls and praetors to appoint their own military tribunes despite Lex Atilia 311. Same arrangement is probably continued in 170. Repealed 169. | 171 DGRA 503, unrv |
| c.171 | L. DECIMUS is sent to Gentius, king of Illyrians, to try to get alliance with Romans against Macedonia. He fails, returns to Rome, and is suspected of taking a bribe. | 171 DGRBM 1-947 |
| c.171 | Latin Festival is celebrated earlier than usual. | 171 atl2 |
| c.171 | Opposition to conscription at Rome is curbed by a speech from veteran Sp. Ligustinus. | 171 atl2 |
| c.171 | 3 envoys from senate (including P. Marcius Rex) visit consul C. Cassius Longinus in Illyria. | 171 DGRBM 3-646 |
| c.171 | C. Caninius REBILUS is made praetor and sent to Sicily. | 171 DGRBM 3-641 |
| c.171 | M.(2) Fulvius NOBILIOR is pleb tribune. | 171 DGRBM 2-1206 |
| c.171 | Consul P. Licinius CRASSUS, is appointed to command against Perseus. Q.(2) Mucius Scaevola is his tribune. | 171 DGRBM 1-873, 3-732, LdHR 2-83 |
| c.171 | C.(2) Sulpicius GALBA is appointed urban praetor. | 171 DGRBM 2-205 |
| c.171 | M. Claudius MARCELLUS, son of ?, is pleb tribune. | 171 DGRBM 2-936 |
| c.171 | C. Caninus Rebilus is praetor. | 171 DGRBM 1-594 |
| c.171 | C. Lucretius GALLUS is made praetor until 170 and fleet commander until later 171. | 171 DGRBM 2-828 |
| c.171 | Consul C.(1) Cassius LONGINUS, disappointed at receiving Cisalpine Gaul as his province, marches for Macedonia with no authority from senate and 30 days grain supply. | 171 CAH 8-264 |
| c.171 | Senate forbids consul C.(1) Cassius Longinus to attack Macedonia. | 171 wikRGG |
| c.171 | Q.(2) Marcius PHILIPPUS returns from Boeotia to Rome, reports back to senate on his mission. He boasts of his successful fraud to gain time in front of the embassy of Perseus, which is now dismissed. Philippus is sent back to Greece with unlimited power to do whatever he thinks in the best interest of Rome. | 171 DGRBM 3-286, LdHR 2-83, atl2 |
| c.171 | Consul P. Licinius Crassus sets out for Brundisium, then crosses to Greece. L. Pompeius is military tribune under him. | 171 DGRBM 3-474, atl2 |
| c.171 | L. HORTENSIUS is made praetor and assigned to succeed C. Lucretius Gallus in command of the fleet. | 171 DGRBM 2-525 |
| c. 171 | L. Canuleius DIVES is appointed praetor and appointed to Spain. But before he leaves, Spanish envoys arrive in Rome complaining about extortion by proconsuls Matienus, Philus, and M. Titinius Curvus (proconsul 178-4). Dives is ordered to appoint 5 senators as judges. The accused are allowed to choose their own investigators. M.(1) Porcius Cato and P.(7) Scipio Nasica are chosen to represent Nearer Spain. Aemilius Paulus and C.(2) Sulpicius Gallus are chosen to represent Farther Spain. Though Cato is successful, 3 of the accused including Titinius Curvus are acquitted (probably by bribes). The advocates say they will apply for new trials, and the accused take refuge in voluntary exile. The advocates advise their clients to accept it. When the case is over, the Senate issues 3 prohibitions concerning Spain: Roman magistrates may not set their own prices for requisitioned grain, or compel Spaniards to sell contracts for gathering grain at their own prices, or impose praejecti in Spanish towns to collect money. But the law to recover extorted money from provincial governors does not pass until 149. |
171 CAH 8-131, 182, DGRBM 1-641, 1057, 3-751, 1158, LdHR 2-104, wikRCH 170 DGRBM 2-228 |
| c.171 | Praetor L. Canuleius DIVES, his investigation completed, goes to Spain. | 171 DGRBM 1-1057, wikRCH |
| c.171 | Praetor M. MATIENUS, in Farther Spain from 173, returns to Rome. He is accused by the provincials of extortion, convicted, and exiled at Tibur. | 171 CAH 8-131, DGRBM 1-641, 1057, SORH, atl2 no date: DGRBM 2-973 |
| c.171 | P. Furius PHILUS prosecuted by M.(1) Porcius CATO, for extortion in Nearer Spain 174. He is exiled to Praeneste. | 171 CAH 8-131, DGRBM 1-641, 3-335, 1057, MCAW, OCD 214, atl2 |
| c.171 | L. Furius PHILUS is made praetor and sent to Sardinia, where he dies in 170. | 171 DGRBM 3-335 |
| c.171 | 3rd MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME begins until 168. Praetor C. Lucretius GALLUS sails for Greece, where he remains until 170. | 172 B76 8-384, CAH 8-115, CDCC 456 171 B76 VI-442, DGRBM 2-828, DGRG 2-1188, Dur 2-556, 3-20, GHH, LEWH 92, OCD 456, OHG, SORH, frH, wikTAR |
| c.171 | Macedonians living in Italy are ordered out. | 171 CAH 8-436 |
| c.171 | Gn. SICINIUS, praetor from 172, continues in office until ?, sent to Macedonia. | 171 DGRBM 3-816 |
| c.171 | The people of Oria (Hyria) Apulia, "Urites" of Livy, are among the allied cities that furnish ships to praetor C. Lucretius Gallus. | 171 DGRG 1-1106 |
| c.171 | Roman enyoys including M. Junius Brutus are sent to Ionia to get allies to help in war against Perseus. | 171 DGRBM 1-508 |
| c.171 | Temporary court de repetundis set up to try cases of extortion in the provinces. | 171 CAH 8-182 |
| c.171 | C.(4) CLAUDIUS PULCHER is made military tribune under Crassus and sent to Greece. | 171 DGRBM 1-769, OCD 247 |
| c.171 | Commissioners are sent to Cisalpine Gaul, to find out why consul C.(1) Cassius had left his procince. Commissioners include P. Cornelius Cethegus, | 171 DGRBM 1-675 |
| c.171 | GULUSSA, 2nd son of Masinissa, sent to Rome. He and a Punic embassy make more accusations against each other before the senate. Gulussa promises Numidian troops to help Romans in Macedonia. | 172 DGRBM 2-315 171 DGRBM 2-315, atl2 |
| c.171 | An embassy including Aulus Postumius Albinus & C. Decimus is sent to Crete to ask for Cretan help against Perseus. | 171 DGRBM 1-91, 947 |
| c.171 | LUDI ROMANI an annual religious festival honoring Jupiter in Sept. (10 days from 191), increased to ? days until ??. | 171 wikLR |
| 170 Mar | CONSULS: Aulus Atilius SERRANUS and Aulus HOSTILIUS MANCINUS | 170 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-914, 3-788, OCD 143, csm, wikCon |
| c.170 | Consul Aulus HOSTILIUS MANCINUS is sent to Macedonia until 169. Ap.(10) Claudius Cento is his legate. | 170 DGRBM 1-769, 2-914 |
| c.170 | Consul Aulus Atilius SERRANUS is ordered to stay in Italy, spends a quiet year in Liguria. | 170 DGRBM 3-788, wikRGG |
| c.170 | C.(1) CASSIUS LONGINUS, proconsul of Cisalpine Gaul, abuses power, invades the country of the Alpine people and enslaves many thousands. | 170 DGRG 1-944 |
| c.170 | T.(5) Manlius Torquatus elected pontiff. | 171 DGRBM 3-1164 |
| c.170 | Praetor C. Lucretius GALLUS in Greece from 171, now loaded with loot, returns to Rome. | 170 DGRBM 2-828 |
| c.170 | Embassies appear before senate, from Carthage and Masinissa, from Alpine states complaining about C.(1) Cassius Longinus, from Athens, Chalcis, and from many other Greek states complaining about C. Lucretius Gallus. | 170 DGRBM 2-828, atl2 |
| c.170 | MICTIO, a pro-Roman leader in Chalcis Euboea appears before the senate as chief of a deputation sent from Chalcis to complain of cruelty and extortions of successive praetors, C. Lucretius and L. Hortensius. | 70 DGRBM 2-1083 |
| c.170 | Envoys report back to senate on conduct of war in Macedonia. | 170 atl2 |
| c.170 | Envoys from Ptolemy-VI arrive at Rome. | 170 atl2 |
| c.170 | Envoys from Antiochus-IV arrive at Rome. | 170 atl2 169 BHS 2-135 |
| c.170 | P. Cornelius BLASIO and 2 others are sent as ambassadors to the Carni, Istri, and Iapydes. | 170 DGRBM 1-492 |
| c.170 | L. AQUILIUS GALLUS is made praetor and sent to Sicily. | 170 DGRBM 2-225 |
| c.170 | Q. MAENIUS is made praetor and sent to Macedonia. | 170 DGRBM 2-897 |
| c.170 | TITINIUS, Roman dramatist, flourishes. Names of over 14 plays plus short fragments have been preserved by grammarians. | 170 DGRBM 3-1158 |
| c.170 | Envoys from Abdera Thrace appear before senate, complain of praetor L. Hortensius sacking Abdera without provocation. Senate grants Abdera freedom, and sends envoys C. Sempronius Blaesus and Sextus(2) Julius Caesar deliver the message, and inform the consul and Hortensius that the attack on Abdera had been unjust | 170 CAH 8-311 |
| c.170 | C. Sempronius BLAESUS and Sextus(2) Julius CAESAR are ambassadors to Abdera Thrace to grant it independence. | 170 DGRBM 1-491, 537, atl2 |
| c.170 | M. Caninius Rebilus and M. Fulvius Flaccus are sent to investigate the lack of success in Macedonia. They remain until 169. | 170 CAH 8-312, DGRBM 3-641 |
| c.170 | C.(1) LAELIUS and C. SICINIUS are despatched by senate to inquire into charges by some Gaulish tribes of the Grisons against former consul C.(1) Cassius. | 170 DGRBM 2-706, 3-816 |
| c.170 | L.(2) Quinctius FLAMININUS, bro of T.(1), currently a pontif, dies. | 170 DGRBM 2-162 |
| c.170 | M' Juventius THALNA is pleb tribune. | 170 DGRBM 3-1020 |
| c.170 | C. Livius SALINATOR dies. | 170 DGRBM 3-695 |
| c.170 | Pleb tribunes Gn. AUFIDIUS and M' Juventius Thalna acuse C. Lucretius GALLUS of oppressing Chalcidian allies. He is given a large fine. | 170 CAH 8-182, DGRBM 1-418, 2-828, 3-1020 |
| c.170 | C. FURIUS is legate on Issa island with 2 ships owned by the locals. 8 more ships are sent to him from Brundisium. | 170 DGRBM 2-190 |
| c.170 | 1st professional BAKERS, MILLERS, and COOKS appear in Italy, but most households continue to grind their own flour. | 174 GHH 172 CDGRA 485 170 SHT II-121, TTPC, TTT 171-168 CDCC 119 168 atl2 |
| c.169 | M. Caninius Rebilus and M. Fulvius Flaccus who were sent in 170 to investigate the lack of success in Macedonia return to Rome. They report doubt among the allies and lax discipline in the Roman army. Their report is discussed upon entry of the new consuls into office. Reinforcements of Roman and Latin troops are agreed. New legions formed are to have their military tribunes elected by the people and not appointed by consuls. | 169 CAH 8-312 |
| c.169 | Lex Licinia et Cassia of 171 permiting consuls and praetors to appoint their own military tribunes is repealed. The people name tribunes of 4 legions which are kept in reserve. (see 168) | 169 DGRA 503 |
| 169 Mar | CONSULS: Gn.(3) Servilius CAEPIO and Q.(2) Marcius PHILIPPUS (2nd), both assigned to remain in Italy | 169 CAH 8-337, DGRBM 1-534 3-286, csm, wikCon |
| c.169 | Λ CENSORS V patrician C.(4) Claudius Pulcher and pleb Ti.(5) Sempronius Gracchus BUBULCUS | 169 DGRBM 1-769, 2-289, OCD 247, 473, wikCon, wikLC |
| c.169 | Censors have at their disposal half of all regular revenues received by the state in one year. (See 179) | 169 CAH 8-187 |
| c.169 | Censors Claudius and Gracchus forbid any publican (tax collecting contractor) who had gotten a contract under the previous censors to make new offers. The publicani induce tribune P. Rutilius to oppose this edict by bringing the censors to trial, but both are acquitted by popular vote. | 169 DGRBM 3-681, LdHR 2-72, atl2 |
| c.169 | Consul Q.(2) Marcius PHILIPPUS is put in charge of the Greek campaign. He quickly crosses to Greece. | 169 DGRBM 2-828, 3-207, 286, atl2 |
| c.169 | Censors Claudius and Gracchus help consuls overcome opposition to conscription. | 169 atl2 |
| c.169 | Proconsul Aulus HOSTILIUS MANCINUS in Balkan area from 170, returns to Rome. | 169 DGRBM 2-914 |
| c.169 | Freedmen with a son, allowed to register in any of the 4 urban tribes from 174, disallowed by censor Ti. Gracchus. They are now allowed only 1 tribe. | 169 CAH 8-451, LdHR 2-102 |
| c.169 | Censors Claudius and Gracchus eject several men from the senate, and deprive many equites of their horses. The tribunes therefore accuse the censors before the people. | 169 DGRBM 2-289 |
| c.169 | Censors Claudius and Gracchus review equites again, and punish tribune P. Rutilius by removing him from his tribe, and reducing him to an aerarian. | 169 DGRBM 3-681, atl2 |
| c.169 | BALANUS, a Gallic chief north of the Alps, sends envoys to Rome offering to help against any enemies in the Balkan peninsula. | 169 DGRBM 1-454 |
| c.169 | Servius(2) Cornelius LENTULUS is made praetor and sent to Sicily. | 169 DGRBM 2-732, wikCrn |
| c.169 | P. Fonteius CAPITO is made praetor and sent to Sardinia. | 169 DGRBM 1-602 |
| c.169 | Q. VOCONIUS SAXA is pleb Tribune. | 169 DGRBM 3-731 |
| c.169 | C. DECIMUS is praetor peregrinus. | 169 DGRBM 1-947 |
| c. 169 | Lex Voconia by tribune Q. Voconius Saxa forbids women to be the main heir to a dead man's estate, even if there are no male relatives alive. Restricts individual legacies to less than the portion of the heirs instituted in the last will. It is supported by M.(1) Porcius Cato, and is generally avoidable thru various loopholes. | 169 B76 II-645, CAH 9-539, CDCC 510, CDGRA 383, DGRA 701, DGRBM 1-641, 2-918, 3-731, EDRL 561, GHH, LdHR 2-62, OCD 215, 605, atl2, unrv, wikLRL |
| c.169 | P.(9) Cornelius SCIPIO NASICA Corculum jokingly rebukes poet Q. Ennius after being refused entry to his house, near sanctuary of Tutilina at Rome. | 169 atl2 |
| c.169 | Rhodian envoys, Agesilochus, Nicagoras, and Nicander, sent by Philophoron and Theaetetus to Rome to clear Rhodians of charges and renew friendly relations. | 169 CAH 8-314, DGRBM 1-70, 2-1173-4, 3-317, atl2 |
| c.169 | Gn.(2) Domitius AHENOBARBUS, A. Licinius Nerva, and 1 other are commissioners to Balkan area to examine the state of the Roman army there, and resources of Perseus. | 169 DGRBM 1-84 |
| c.169 | AQUILEIA colony on north Adriatic from 181, receives 1,500 more families, under supervision of 3 men: M. Cornelius Cethegus, T. Annius Luscus, P. Decius Subulo. | 169 DGRBM 1-675, 2-842, 3-930, DGRG 1-170 |
| c.169 | PRUSIAS-II Cynegus, king of Bithynia 180-49, sends an embassy to Rome, to interpose his good offices in favor of Perseus, and to get the senate to grant him a favorable peace. His intervention is haughtily rejected. | 169 DGRBM 3-560 |
| c.169 | Censor C.(4) Claudius Pulcher passes a law to prevent serving of delicacies such as dormice at banquets. | 169 atl2 |
| c.169 | C.(2) Sulpicius GALLUS is made praetor in charge of Rome. During the levy made for the war against Macedonia, he protects the plebs against the severity of the consuls. | 169 DGRBM 2-228 |
| c.169 | Alexandrians send envoys to Rome saying Antiochus-IV is likely to confiscate all the wealth of Egypt. | 169 BHS 2-140 |
| c.169 | Censor Ti.(5) Sempronius GRACCHUS BUBULCUS enrols freedmen into one of the urban tribes, attempts to restrict the registration of most freedmen. | 169 CAH 8, SORH, atl2 |
| c.169 | LIBERTINI (aka aerarii), landless freemen who were born slaves, classed among the 4 urban tribes from 220, reclassified by Ti.(5) Gracchus. This time it is determined by lot. It doesn't last, because it is done again in 115. | 169 DGRA 731, GHH |
| c.169 | 
BASILICA SEMPRONIA built between the vicus Tuscus and the Velabrum by censor Ti.(5) Sempronius Gracchus Bubulcus. For land he buys the house of Scipio Africanus and some butcher shops behind the Tabernae Veteres, and near the statue of Vertumnus. This is the 1st basilica on the south side of the forum. |
model: Susanne Muth 171 DGRA 198 170/69 CAH 8-509 169 DGRG 2-787, wikBS |
| c.169 | It is resolved that legions to Spain will have 5,200 inf and 330 cav. | 169 DGRA 494, wikRCH |
| c.169 | Legislation concerning Λ CALENDAR intercallation introduced by former consul M'(1) Glabrio. Roman Calendar adds an intercalary month. | 170 atl2 169 DGRA 230 167 atl2 |
| c.169 | DECEMVIRI SACRORUM elected. They include Gn.(3) Octavius. | 169 DGRBM 3-6 |
| c.169 | Census: 312,805 adult males. | 169 GHH |
| c.169 | P.9) SCIPIO NASICA Corculum and P. Cornelius LENTULUS are curule aediles. In their ludi Circenses (Circensian games) they exhibit elephants, 63 panthers, and 40 bears. | 169 DGRBM 2-730 169 DGRA 1186 |
| c.169 | M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS is made praetor and sent to Spain until 168. | 169 DGRBM 2-932, OCD 646, wikRCH |
| c.169 | P. Quintilius VARUS, flamen Martialis, dies. | 169 DGRBM 3-1222 |
| c.169 | M.(5) Claudius MARCELLUS, son of M.(3)C.M., decemvir sacrorum, dies. | 169 DGRBM 2-931 |
| c.169 | SENATE receives 3 envoys from Antiochus-IV, including Heracleides and ? from Ptolemy-VI each supporting their claims in Coele-Syria, and accusing the other of starting the 6th Syro / Egypt War. Senate delays judgment because of their present war with Perseus of Macedonia. | 170/69 B76 8-383 169 1&2BM 23, BHS 2-135, DGRBM 2-389 |
| c.169 | Quintus ENNIUS dies. Brundisian playwright, creator of Latin poetry, first Roman satirist, in Rome from 204, age 70, dies of gout. Known for translating Euhemerus and use of Greek literary models. "The strength of Rome is founded on her ancient customs as much as on the strength of her sons." "To think philosophically is good, but in little doses." | 169 B76 III-904, 10-1095, 15-1098, CAH 8-444, CDCC 286, 315, 788, Dur 3-98, GHH, OCD 364, OHG, SORH, atl2, wikEn 167 GHH |
| c.169 | L.(2) Aemilius PAULUS is elected consul, and immediately assigned Macedonia as his province. | 169 atl2 |
| c.168 | 3 Roman commissioners, including L. Baebius, P.(5) Cornelius Lentulus, are dispatched to ascertain situations of Roman armies in Macedonia and Illyria. In Macedonia they negotiate with Perseus, and evaluate affairs prior to arrival of Paulus. | 168 CAH 8-315, DGRBM 1-452, 730 |
| 168 Mar | CONSULS: L.(2) Aemilius PAULUS (2nd) and C. Licinius CRASSUS, both to remain in Italy | 168 B76 VII-808, CAH 8-315, CDCC 15, DGRBM 1-873, 3-154, csm, wikCon |
| c.168 | C. Licinius CRASSUS is assigned to Cisalpine Gaul, and resents not being assigned Macedonia. | 168 DGRBM 1-873, wikRGG |
| c.168 | 3 legates from Macedonia return to Rome shortly after new consuls enter office. L.(2) Aemilius Paulus makes a speech to the people. Arrangements for the coming campaign are decided by their report. | 168 CAH 8- 315, DGRBM 1-452, 730, atl2 |
| c.168 | Gn.(2) Octavius is made praetor and put in command of fleet against Perseus. | 168 DGRBM 3-6 |
| c.168 | L. STERTINIUS is quaestor. | 168 DGRBM 3-908 |
| c.168 | Senate resolves that tribunes for 4 of the 8 legions be named by the people, and the other 4 by L.(2) Aemilius Paulus. | 168 DGRA 503 |
| c.168 | L.(2) Aemilius Paulus celebrates the Latin Festival, leaves for Macedonia, sets sail from Brundisium for Corcyra. Aulus and Lucius Postumius Albinus, P.(9) Scipio Nasica Corculum, C. Cluvius, and Gn. Anicius are on his staff. | 168 DGRBM 1-92, 178, 3-155, 751, atl2 |
| c.168 | C.(1) Papirius CARBO is made praetor and assigned to Sardinia, but senate makes him stay in Rome and judge cases between citizens and peregrini. | 168 DGRBM 1-610 |
| c.168 | MIRACLE: P. Vatinius tells the senate that while returning from Reate to Rome he was met by 2 youths on white horses (the Dioscuri), who announced that Perseus was defeated on that day. Vatinius is first thrown into prison for such rash words, but when the news comes of L.(2) Aemilius Paulus victory, the senate bestows on Vatinius a land grant and exemption from military service. | 168 DGRBM 3-1233, atl2 |
| c.168 | An unsubstantiated rumor about victory in Macedonia spreads at Rome. | 168 atl2 |
| c.168 | Rhodian envoys under Agesipolis are sent to Rome to mediate between Rome and Perseus. They are kept waiting, and are introduced to the Senate-house only after the news of the victory at Pydna had arrived. The Senate choses to interpret their mission as motivated by the interests of Perseus. The envoys are told that with this action the friendship between Rome and Rhodes is ended. | 168 CAH 8-228, 337, DGRBM 1-68, atl2 |
| c.168 | C.(2) Sulpicius GALLUS is military tribune under L.(2) Aemilius Paulus. | 168 DGRBM 2-228 |
| c.168 | Official news of victory at Pydna reaches Rome. | 168 atl2 |
| c.168 | 3 envoys from L.(2) Aemilius Paulus arrive at Rome, and report his defeat of the Illyrian army, capture of Gentius, and conquest of Illyricum. Envoys are: P. Decius, L.(8) Lentulus, Q.(2) Caecilius Metellus (later Macedonicus). | 168 DGRBM 1-947, 2-732, 1057, atl2 |
| C. Licinius NERVA is one of the envoys. | 168 DGRBM 2-1168 |
| c.168 | Temple to JUNO MONETA on Mt. Alban 25km south of Rome is dedicated by C. CICEREIUS in fulfillment of a vow 173. | 168 DGRBM 1-707 |
| c.168 | PERSEUS, last Antigonid king of Macedonia from 179 taken captive to Rome, in Italy at Alba until death 166. | 168 B76 VII-889, CDCC 541, Dur 2-556, IDB 3-739 , MRDK frH 167 DGRBM 3-208, bk |
| c.168 | M. AEBUTIUS ELVA is made praetor and sent to Sicily. | 168 DGRBM 2-11 |
| c.168 | L. Manlius (Acidinus) is quaestor. | 168 DGRBM 1-13 |
| c.168 | L.(1) ANICIUS GALLUS is made praetor and sent to Illyria. | 168 DGRBM 2-223 |
| c.168 | Gn. Baebius TAMPHILUS is made urban praetor. | 168 DGRBM 3-974 |
| c.168 | MISAGENES, son of Masinissa, returning from Greece with his troops, shipwrecked, lands at Brundusium. He is received with distinction. Quaestor L. Stertinius, is despatched by the senate to bear him magnificent gifts, and provide him and his troops with all that they require. | 168 DGRBM 2-1093 |
| 168 Jun 21-2 | LUNAR ECLIPSE mentioned by Livy (xliv 37). | 168 DGRA 230 |
| c.168 | 3rd MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME from 171 ends. C. Lucretius GALLUS sails for Greece. | 168 B76 VI-442, Dur 2-556, 3-20, LEWH 92 167 CDCC 456, frH |
| c.168 | C. Popillius LAENAS, envoy to Greece from 170, returns to Rome loaded with so much loot that citizens are relieved of direct taxation. Macedonians captured at Pydna are sold as slaves, females fetching 50 times the price of a male. | 168 GHH, TTPC, mrt 167 OHG, SORH |
| c.168 | Consul C. Licinius CRASSUS takes charge of an army in Cisalpine Gaul, but remains inactive. | 168 atl2 |
| c.168 | Praetor M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS commander in both provinces of Spain from 169, returns to Rome. P. FONTEIUS succeeds until 167 | 168 OCD 646, rcIb, wikRCH |
| c.168 | Embassies from Antiochus-IV, Ptolemy-VI, Eumenes-II of Pergamum, and Masinissa, appear before senate. | 168 atl2 |
| c.168 | Rhodian envoys, led by Agepolis, address senate, and are accused of supporting Perseus. | 168 atl2 |
| c.168 | C. Popillius LAENAS leads embassy including C. Decius to Rhodes, then Egypt. | 168 DGRBM 1-947, OCD 861 |
| c.168 | LUNA and PISA quarrel over boundaries. Their envoys appear before the senate. Pisa complains about incursions by Roman colonists at Luna. | 169 DGRG 2-215 168 OCD 625, atl2 |
| c.168 | 5 men including P. Cornelius Blasio, Q.(2) Fabius Buteo, T. Sempronius Musca and C. Appuleius Saturninus are sent to settle the boundary dispute between Luna and Pisa. | 168 DGRBM 1-492, 519, 2-1127, 3-723 |
| c.168 | Caecilius Statius, comic dramatist, dies. | 168 DGRBM 1-528, GHH, atl2 |
| c.168 | BITIS, son of Cotys-IV, ruler of some Odrysians in Thrace, is shipped to Rome. | 168 DGRBM 1-490, 870, DGRG 2-1188 |
| c.168 | GENTIUS, king of Illyria from ?, and his sons, are shipped to Rome in custody of military tribune C. Cassius, then confined at Spoletium. | 168 DGRBM 1-625, DGRG 2-1033 |
| c.168 | Envoys of COTYS-IV of Thrace come to Rome, try to ransom his son Bitis, and excuse his alliance with Perseus. | 168 DGRG 2-1188 |
| c.168 |  PORTICUS OCTAVIA built on Circus Flaminius at the southwest foot of the Capitoline by Gn. Octavius as a monument to his naval victory over Perseus. A double portico with bronze Corinthian capitals. Restored 33. |
drawing: Platner 179 qndm 168 OCD 200, wikPO 162 atl2 |
| c.168 | Stoic philosopher CRATES of Mallus, head of the library at Pergamum, comes to Rome as ambassador of Eumenes-II. | 170 B76 III-223 168 CAH 8, atl2 |
| 167 Mar | CONSULS: Q. Aelius PAETUS and M. Junius PENNUS, both assigned to north Italy | 167 CAH 8, DGRBM 3-84, 184, csm, wikCon |
| c.167 | Consul Q. Aelius PAETUS is sent to Cisalpine Gaul, does nothing but ravage Ligurian territory. | 167 DGRBM 3-84, wikRGG |
| c.167 | Consul M. Junius PENNUS is sent to Pisa to command in Liguria, does nothing but ravage Ligurian territory. | 167 DGRBM 3-84, 184, wikRGG |
| c.167 | M.(2) ANTONIUS is pleb tribune. | 167 DGRBM 1-213 |
| c.167 | Q.(2) CASSIUS LONGINUS is urban praetor. | 167 DGRBM 2-798 |
| c.167 | P. Quintilius VARUS is praetor. | 167 DGRBM 3-1222 |
| c.167 | A.(2) Manlius TORQUATUS is made praetor and assigned to Sardinia, but is retained by the senate to investigate some capital offences. | 167 DGRBM 3-1164 |
| c.167 | Gn.(3) OCTAVIUS, fleet commander in east from 168, returns to Rome with the loot that had been gained in the war. He is granted a triumph in Dec. | 167 DGRBM 3-6 |
| c.167 | 10 Roman commissioners are sent to settle affairs in Macedonia. They include Gn. Domitius Ahenobarbus(2), Aulus Postumius Albinus, C. Claudius Pulcher, P. Manilius, Ser. Cornelius Sulla, Gn. Baebius Tamphilus, A. Terentius Varro | 168 DGRBM 1-91 167 DGRBM 1-84, 769, 917, 3-974, 1222, LdHR 2-90, SORH, atl2 |
| c.167 | C.(4) CLAUDIUS PULCHER, augur from 195, conservative on commission of 10 for settling Macedonia, dies. | 167 DGRBM 1-213, 769, OCD 247 |
| c.167 | C. Licinius CRASSUS goes to Macedonia instead of Cisalpine Gaul. | 167 DGRBM 1-873 |
| c.167 | M' Juventius THALNA is made praetor and obtains jurisdictio inter peregrinos. | 167 DGRBM 3-1020 |
| c.167 | TRIBUTUM (property tax) abolished in Rome by senate. (see 147) | 167 B76 15-1095, CAH 8-223, CDGRA 569, LdHR 447 |
| c.167 | 1st public LIBRARY in Rome stocked with books stolen from Macedonia. | 167 GHH |
| c.167 | Praetor Juventius THALNA, without consulting the senate, urges Roman people to declare war on Rhodes for their position during the 3rd Macedonian War. Thalna hopes to be commander. M.(1) Porcius Cato opposes, says Rhodes has done nothing worthy of attack. | 167 B76 15-1094, CAH 8, DGRBM 3-1020, atl2 |
| c.167 | Rhodian envoys, including Philocrates, Astymedes, Theaetetus, Philophron, Polyaratus, and Rhodophon address senate to avert the anger of the Romans; they are supported by M.(1) Porcius Cato. | 167 DGRBM 3-303, 652, atl2 |
| c.167 | L.(2) Aemilius Paulus, commanding in Balkan peninsula from 168, arrives at Rome loaded with trophies. | 167 DGRBM 2-205, 3-155, LdHR 2-93, atl2 |
| c.167 | A motion to grant a triumph to L.(2) Aemilius Paulus is passed, despite strong opposition of Ser.(3) Sulpicius Galba. M. Servilius Palex Geminus addresses the people in favor of Paulus. | 167 DGRBM 2-205, 239, atl2 |
| c.167 | L.(2) Aemilius PAULUS' triumphs for Macedonia: First day: a display of statues and pictures. 2nd day: Perseus' treasury, of more than 6,000 talents of gold and silver, is produced. Last day: Perseus and his children are led before chariot of Paulus. Bitis of Thrace is also paraded, but is spared, and sent to Carseoli. Illyrian king Gentius is also paraded. Paulus' 2 younger sons die within 5 days of his triumph, leaving only Quintus and Publius, who had already been adopted into other families. |
167 DGRBM 1-490, 2-245, 3-155, DGRG 2-753, ISBE 3-775, atl2 |
| c.167 | Perseus and son Alexander are escorted to Alba Fucens by urban praetor Q.(2) Cassius Longinus and imprisoned. | 167 DGRBM 1-124, 789, 3-271, atl2 |
| c.167 | FLUTE PLAYERS at a Roman triumph attempt a concert. A fight errupts. | 167 Dur 3-90 |
| c.167 | Macedonia divided into 4 client republics. | 167 wikTAR |
| c.167 | 1,000 ACHAEANS including Stratius and all leading citizens taken to Italy for political investigation, but, instead of being tried, they are distributed among Etruscan towns. POLYBIUS is among them. He remains in Italy until 151. | 168 1&2BM 12 167 CAH 8, CDCC 703, DGRBM 3-444, 748, Dur 3-20, GHH, LEWH 92, OCD 853, OHG, atl2, bk 165 SORH no date: B76 14-762 |
| c.167 | Historian POLYBIUS had probably become acquainted in Macedonia with L.(2) Aemilius Paulus, or his sons Fabius and Scipio, and the 2 young men now obtain permission from the praetor for Polybius to reside at Rome, where he becomes mentor to P.(10) Scipio Aemilianus, age 18. | 167 DGRBM 3-748, atl2 |
| c.167 | An embassy from Cotys-IV of Thrace persuades senate to release his son Bitis and other Thracian hostages. | 167 atl2 |
| c.167 | Senate agrees to Athenian control of Haliartos Boeotia, Lemnos and Delos islands. Delos city becomes a free port. | 167 atl2 |
| c.167 | Rhodian envoy Theaetetus dies at Rome, while waiting for senate to make a decision about alliance with Rhodes. | 167 atl2 |
| c.167 | History of Livy ends here. | 167 CAH 8-319, DGRG 2-185 |
| c.167 | ATTALUS, bro of Eumenes-II king of Pergamum, is sent to Rome, to congratulate them on victory over Perseus, and to appeal for help against Galatians. Eumenes' physician Stratius is also sent to watch and restrain Attalus. Since Eumenes-II is out of favor at this time, Attalus considers bidding on the crown himself, but is disuaded by Stratius. | 167 B76 15-1094, CAH 8-286-7, DGRBM 1-411 DGRG 1-930, 3-923, atl2 |
| c.167 | Gn. Fulvius GILLO is made praetor and sent to Nearer Spain. | 167 DGRBM 2-268, wikRCH |
| c.167 | PRUSIAS-II CYNEGUS, king of Bithynia 180-49 and young son Nicomedes, visit Rome. Prusias congratulates senate on victory in Macedonia, sucks up to senate, calls them "savior gods". His alliance with Rome is renewed, plus an extension of territory. | 167 B76 15-1094, CAH 8, DGRBM 2-1196, 3-560, 748, atl2 no date: OCD 893 |
| c.167 | EUMENES-II, king of Pergamum 197-60, lands at Brundisium expecting to be received at Rome. A quaestor informs him that the senate will receive no kings at Rome. | 167 B76 15-1094, CAH 8, atl2 166 DGRBM 1-641 |
| c.167 | C. Licinius NERVA is one of the commissioners appointed to carry back the Thracian hostages. | 167 late DGRBM 2-1168 |
| c.167 | Q. Fabius PICTOR (praetor 189) dies. | 167 DGRBM 3-365 |
| 166 Mar | CONSULS: C.(2) Sulpicius GALLUS (or Galba?) and M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS, both sent to Liguria. | 166 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-229, OCD 456, 646, csm, wikCon |
| c.166 | Consuls campaign against Cisalpine Gauls and Ligurians, but no details are available, except somebody triumphs over the Eleiate Ligurians. | 166 CAH 8-117, SORH, atl2 |
| c.166 | Consul M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS defeats the Alpine Gauls. | 166 DGRBM 2-932 |
| c.166 | Consuls C.(2) GALLUS (Galba) and M.(7) Marcellus cross southwest Alps into Transalpine Gaul. On the west slopes they subdue Gauls and Ligurians.. No conflict with Gauls until 154. | 166 DGRBM 2-229, LdHR 2-101 |
| c.166 | Debate in the senate because elections had been marked by much bribery. | 166 CAH 8-178 |
| c.166 | A. Licinius NERVA is made praetor and sent to Farther Spain. | 167 wikRCH 166 DGRBM 2-1168 |
| c.166 | P. RUTILIUS CALVUS is made praetor, and sent to Nearer Spain. | 166 DGRBM 3-681, wikRCH, |
| c.166 | M.(2) Fulvius NOBILIOR is curule aedile. | 166 DGRBM 2-1206 |
| c.166 | L?. APPULEIUS SATURNINUS is praetor. | 166 DGRBM 3-723 |
| c.166 | L.(2) Julius CAESAR is praetor. | 166 DGRBM 1-537 |
| c.166 | TERENCE play Andria "Women of Andros" first played at the Megalesian Games. "All of us when well give good advice to the sick." "The quarrels of lovers are the renewal of their love." "One lie treads on another's heels." "Obsequiousness makes friends; truth breeds hate.". | 166 B76 18-143, CDCC 868, DGRBM 3-998, OCD 1044, SORH, TTPC, atl2, bk 160 MNDQ 17, 723, 729 |
| c.166 | Rhodians send an embassy led by Aristoteles, but senate again refuses to agree to an alliance. | 166 atl2 |
| c.166 | A. BAEBIUS, who caused 500 Aetolian anti-Romans to be massacred 167, is condemned for it. | no date: DGRBM 1-452 |
| c.166 | PERSEUS, last Antigonid king of Macedonia 179-68 prisoner at Alba Fucens Italy from 168, dies. | 166 B76 VII-889, atl2 |
| 165 Mar | CONSULS: T.(5) Manlius TORQUATUS and Gn.(3) OCTAVIUS (elected after a hard-fought contest) | 165 CAH 8, DGRBM 3-6, 1164, atl2, csm, wikCon |
| c.165 | Senate promises a Galatian embassy that their country will remain autonomous. | 165 atl2 |
| c.165 | Praetor P.(5) Cornelius Lentulus prepares a bronze map of state lands following an exercise in land recovery and complex surveying and administrative operations. | 165 CAH 8-199 |
| c.165 | M'(2) Acilius GLABRIO is curule aedile. | 165 DGRBM 2-271 |
| c.165 | Praetor P.(5) Cornelius Lentulus buys up public land in Campania. Occupants are compensated and ejected. New allotments are inalienable heritable leaseholds. | 165 SORH, atl2 |
| c.165 | Ti.(5) Sempronius GRACCHUS BUBULCUS leads an ambassadorial tour east to Rhodes, Anatolia, and Syria to inspect the affairs of Roman allies. It brings back favorable reports about everyone. | 166 CAH 8-346, atl2 165 CAH 8-319, LdHR 2-99 164 DGRBM 2-289 |
| c.165 | TERENCE play Hecyra "Mother-In-Law". | 165 B76 18-143, CDCC 868, DGRBM 3-999, OCD 1044, TTPC, atl2, bk |
| c.165 | Ti.(2) CLAUDIUS NERO is made praetor and sent to Sicily. | 165 DGRBM 2-1161 |
| c.165 | Gn.(2) Cornelius DOLABELLA and Sextus(3) Julius CAESAR are curule aediles. They produce Terence's Hecyra at the Megalesian Games. | 165 DGRBM 1-537, 1058 |
| c.165 | Embassy from Rhodes appears before senate, which after 2 years of sulking, consents to renew alliance. | 165 B76 15-1094, CAH 8-226, atl2 |
| 164 Mar | CONSULS: Aulus(2) Manlius TORQUATUS and Q.(2) CASSIUS LONGINUS | 164 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-798, 3-1164, csm, wikCon |
| c.164 | Λ CENSORS V patrician L.(2) Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus and pleb Q.(2) Marcius Philippus | 164 B76 VII-808, CDCC 15, DGRBM 3-155, 286, OCD 816, wikCon, wikLC |
| c.164 | Λ SUNDIAL, in Rome from 263 but misunderstood, properly oriented for Roman latitude by censor Q.(2) Marcius Philippus. | 164 BD 31, DGRBM 3-286, atl2 |
| c.164 | Q.(2) CASSIUS LONGINUS, consul, dies in office. | 164 DGRBM 2-798 |
| c.164 | Achaean ambassadors ANAXIDAMOS and SATYRUS are sent to Rome to intercede for liberation of Achaean hostages who had been sent to Rome in 167. They are dismissed with haughty refusal. | 165 atl2 164 CAH 8-466, DGRBM 1-164, 3-727 |
| c.164 | T.(5) Manlius TORQUATUS in Egypt mediating between the 2 Ptolemies, returns to Rome, speaks to senate in favor of P-VIII Physcon. | 164 DGRBM 3-1164, IDB 3-259 |
| c.164 | ATTALUS, bro of Eumenes-II king of Pergamum, is sent to Rome. | 164 DGRBM 1-411 |
| c.164 | PYTHON, envoy of Prusias-II king of Bithynia is sent to Rome to complain against Eumenes-II king of Pergamum. | 164 DGRBM 3-629 |
| c.164 | C.(2) Sulpicius GALLUS sent as envoy to Pergamum. He stops first in Greece. | 164 CAH 8-318, 320, 346, OCD 456 163 atl2 |
| c.164 | Censor Q.(2) Marcius Philippus sets up a statue of Concordia. | 164 atl2 |
| c.164 | PTOLEMY-VI Philometor, king of Egypt 181-64, expelled by Ptolemy-VIII Physcon from Alexandria. P-VI goes in person to Rome until 163. | 164 B76 , CAH 8-284, DGRBM 3-592, LEWH 97, MCAW 163 atl2 |
| c.164 | RESURRECTION V: A Roman lady called Aemilia dies, and is placed on a pyre as her family wails. She is miraculously brought back to life by the sound of the trumpets. | 164 atl2 |
| c.164 | Rapid decline in Roman morals. | 164 GHH |
| 163 Mar | CONSULS: Ti.(5) Sempronius GRACCHUS BUBULCUS (2nd) and M' Juventius THALNA Both plebs. | 163 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-289, 691, 3-1020, OCD 473, SORH, csm, wikCon |
| c.163 | Consul M' Juventius THALNA is sent to Corsica. | 163 DGRBM 3-1020 |
| c.163 | L.(7) Cornelius Lentulus Lupus is curule aedile. | 163 DGRBM 2-730 |
| c.163 | TERENCE play Heauton Timoroumenos "Self-Tormentor" "I am a man, and nothing human is foreign to me.". | 163 B76 18-143, CDCC 868, DGRBM 3-999, OCD 1044, TTPC, MNDQ 738, atl2, bk |
| c.163 | Consul Ti. Sempronius GRACCHUS goes to Sardinia, puts down a rebellion. | 163 atl2 |
| c.163 | Attalus appears before senate to defend his bro Eumenes-II, king of Pergamum against accusations of Prusias of Bithynia. | 163 atl2 |
| c.163 | NICOMEDES, son of Prusias-II, king of Bithynia is voluntarily sent to Rome, ostensibly a guest, practically a hostage until 149. | no date: DGRBM 2-1196 |
| c.163 | Senate recognizes Antiochus-V Eupator against his uncle Demetrius, who is a hostage in Rome. | 163 lvA5 |
| c.163 | An embassy from Ariarathes-V king of Cappadocia 163-30 obtains renewal of alliance with Rome. | 163 atl2 |
| c.163 | Λ CENSUS V completed by Paulus and Philippus. Rome contains 337,022 adult males. | 163 CAH 9-57, atl2 |
| 327,032 adult males | 164 GHH |
| c.163 | PTOLEMY-VI Philometor, king of Egypt 181-64, in Rome from 164, escorted back to Alexandria. | 163 CAH 8-284, Jud 5-603 |
| c.163 | PTOLEMY-VIII Physcon persuades senate to award him a larger share of Ptolemaic territories. | 163 atl2 |
| c.163 | Ti. Gracchus makes a small technical error while taking auspices during elections for new consuls. | 163 atl2 |
| c.163 | PHILIP, son of Perseus dies in Italy. | 163 atl2 |
| c.162 Mar. | CONSULS: P.(9) Cornelius Scipio Nasica CORCULUM and C. Marcius FIGULUS, who both resign because of religious blunders in the election Suffects: P.(5) Cornelius Lentulus and Gn.(2) Domitius Ahenobarbus replace them. |
162 CAH 8-190, DGRBM 1-84, 2-150, 730, 3-751, OCD 361, 963, atl2, csm, wikCon |
| Magistrates who resign because of irregular election are nevertheless deemed to have held office, so Corculum and Figulus appear in the consular lists under this year. When they appear again later they are each designated consul for the 2nd time. Legally, 10 years must elapse between consulships. Yet Figulus is re-elected consul for 156, Corculum for 155. | CAH 8-191 |
| c.162 | C. Marcius FIGULUS, technically not a consul, is sent to Cisalpine Gaul. | 162 DGRBM 2-150, wikRGG |
| c.162 | MENYLLUS of Alabanda is ambassador of Ptolemy-VI Philometor to Rome to plead his cause against his younger bro Physcon. The senate, however, espouses the cause of Physcon. During his stay at Rome, Menyllus and historian Polybius, effect the escape of Demetrius, the young king of Syria, who is detained at Rome as a hostage. | 162 DGRBM 2-1045 |
| c.162 | DEMETRIUS-I, age 25, 1st son of Seleucus-IV, hostage in Rome from 178, begs senate for permission to return to Syria and take the throne. Refused. Escapes (possibly a set up) aided by Polybius, goes to Lycia. | 162 B76 III-456, CAH 8-518, IDB 1-816, 3-200, ISBE 1-146, 917, atl2 161 1&2BM 12, 92 |
| c.162 | Senate learns that there are many more elephants and ships in Syria than had been allowed by the treaty of Apamea 188, sends commissioners under Gn.(3) Octavius to burn ships and kill elephants. Octavius will be murdered at Laodicaea. | 162 CAH 8-285, 355, 518, DGRBM 2-772, SORH, atl2, wikOct |
| c.162 | Comanus, Sympetesis, and Ptolemaeus, rhetorician of Alexandria, envoys of Ptolemy-VIII Physcon, sent to Rome to complain that Ptolemy-VI Philometor refused to grant Cyprus to Physcon. | 162 DGRBM 1-815, 3-566 |
| c.162 | Senate erects a statue in honor of Gn.(3) Octavius (consul 165). | 162 atl2 |
| c.162 | Gn. MERULA, appointed legate by senate to adjust the disputes between brothers Ptolemy Philometor and Physcon respecting the sovereignty of Cyprus. | 162 DGRBM 2-149 |
| c.162 | Gn. MERULA accompanies Ptolemy-VIII Physcon to Crete and Anatolia. | 162 DGRBM 2-149 |
| c.162 | Gn. MERULA after negotiating unsuccessfully with Ptolemy-VI Philometor at Alexandria, returns to Rome, recommends canceling the existing treaty with P-VI. Senate agrees. | 162 DGRBM 2-149 |
| 161 Mar | CONSULS: M.(3) Valerius MESSALLA and C. Fannius STRABO | 161 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-136, 1050, 3-921, csm, wikCon |
| c.161 | M.(1) Porcius Cato criticizes Roman extravagance. | 161 atl2 |
| c.161 | A senatorial decree requires leading citizens who are to entertain each other during the Megalesian games to take an oath before the consuls that they would not exceed specified expenditure limits. e.g. The amount of silver table-ware to be used at any one banquet cannot exceed 100 lbs. This is prior to Lex Fannia. | 161 CAH 8-184, 465, DGRA 749 |
| c.161 | Lex Fannia Sumptuaria by consul C. Fannius Strabo with consent of all orders, which means it was recommended by the Senate. It strengthens and elaborates on provisions of Lex Orchia 182, limits private expenditure on common entertainments to 120 asses, and to 100 silver denarii on certain named festival banquets, specifically Ludi Megalenses. Reasserted 130. See 110. | 164-60 DGRG 2-776 161 CAH 8-184, 227, 9-59, CDGRA 600, DGRA 1077, EDRL 552, GHH, LdHR 2-102, OCD 602, SORH, atl2, unrv 160 GHH |
| c.161 | Senate refuses to recognize DEMETRIUS-I, king of Syria 162-50,. Recognizes rebel satrap Timarchus as independent king of Media & Babylonia, but gives no material support. | 161 CAH 519 |
| c.161 | MENYLLUS of Alabanda is ambassador of Ptolemy-VI Philometor to Rome to excuse Ptolemy-VI for non-compliance with the orders of the senate. But they refuse to listen to him, and order the embassy to leave Rome within 5 days. | 161 DGRBM 2-1045 |
| c.161 | Senate confirms token support for Ptolemy-VIII Physcon king of Cyrene concerning Cyprus and sends his ambassadors home. | 161 atl2 |
| c.161 | Diogenes and Timothy, envoys of Orophernes, rival king of Cappadocia, sent with a gold crown to Rome to renew friendship and alliance, and to support allegations against Ariarathes. | 161 DGRBM 1-1019 160 atl2 |
| c.161 | L.(2) Postumius ALBINUS is curule aedile. He supervises the Games in which Terence' play Eunuchus is performed at the Megalesian Games. | 161 DGRBM 1-92 |
| c.161 | TERENCE' play Eunuchus "Without good eating and drinking, love grows cold." "I know the nature of women - when you want to, they don't want to; and when you don't want to, they desire exceedingly." | 162 DGRBM 3-1000 161 B76 18-143, CDCC 868, OCD 1044, TTPC, MNDQ 713, bk |
| c.161 | TERENCE' play Phormio "Old Age is itself a disease." "There is a demand today for men who can make wrong appear right." "So many men, so many opinions" | 161 B76 18-143, CDCC 868, MNDQ 22, 145, TTPC, bk |
| c.161 | Jewish embassy goes to Rome. Senate makes defense treaty with Judas Maccabee of Judea: No trade with enemy of either. Jews may be judged by their own laws. Tells Demetrius-I to lay off. But gives no material support. Renewed 142. | 1Mac 8:17 166 CHJ 2-640 161 BI+N 159, CAH 8-519, CHJ 2-310, ISBE 1-964, Jud 4-44, 9-1115, 14-240 161/0 DHJ 501 160 CHJ 2-397, GHH, atl2 no date: Sdl 5-320 |
| c.161 | Senate, on advice of M.(1) Porcius Cato, issues a senatus consultum authorizing praetor M. Pomponius to expell Greek (and even Latin) philosophers & teachers from Rome. "No philosophers or rhetors shall be permitted in Rome." It may not have been strictly enforced against those living with a patron. The grammatici, who taught Greek language and some literature, seem to have been exempted. | 161 CAH 8-465, DGRBM 2-1050, Dur 3-95, GHH, LdHR 2-103, 169, SORH, acdm, atl2 |
| 160 Mar. | CONSULS: M. Cornelius CETHEGUS and L.(2) ANICIUS GALLUS | 160 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-675, 2-223, OCD 200, csm, wikCon |
| c.160 | Charops of Epirus appears before senate, but fails to win their approval. | 160 atl2 |
| c.160 | DEMETRIUS-I Soter, king of Syria / Babylonia 162-50, again bids for recognition as king by Rome. Sends Menochares and other envoys to deliver Leptines, murderer of Gn.(3) Octavius 162 and a gold crown. Senate concedes and recognizes him. | 162 SORH 160 BHS 2-196, CAH 8-520, DGRBM 2-1042, 159 CAH 8-358 |
| c.160 | ATTALUS, bro of Eumenes-II king of Pergamum, is sent to Rome, and is well received. | 160 DGRBM 1-411, 2-90 |
| c.160 | C. TREMELLIUS is pleb tribune. He is fined for having insulted pontifex maximus M.(4) Aemilius Lepidus. | 160 DGRBM 3-1172 |
| c.160 | Good year for Italian WINE. Next 121. | 160 atl2 |
| c.160 | Consul M. Cornelius Cethegus temporarily drains the Pontine marshes, but they gradually refill. | 160 DGRBM 1-675, DGRG 2-655, GHH, atl2 |
| c.160 | L.(2) AEMILIUS PAULUS Macedonicus, last of the Paulii, dies. At his funeral Terence's comedy Adelphoi "Brothers" is performed. They want to produce Hecyra too, but it is bumped by a gladiator match. His surviving sons Quintus and Publius have already been adopted 182. |
160 B76 VII-808, CDCC 15, 285, DGRBM 3-155, 999, SORH, atl2 |
| c.160 | TERENCE (P. Terentius Afer) play Adelphoi "There is nothing so advantageous to a man as a forgiving disposition." "It is better to bind your children to you by respect and gentleness than by fear." | 160 B76 18-143, Dur 3-20, MNDQ 417, OCD 1044, SORH, TTPC 28, atl2, bk |
| c.160 | TERENCE 2nd & 3rd production of Hecyra "Mother-In-Law" 165 . | 160 B76 18-143, OCD 1044 |
| c.160 | TERENCE (P. Terentius Afer) leaves for Greece. | 160 atl2 |
| c.160 | P.(10) Scipio Aemilianus makes over his inheritance to his bro Quintus. | 160 atl2 |
| c.160 | Achaeans send Telecles and Xenon to Rome to try to get Stratius and Polybius, 2 of their exiles, released. Unsuccessful. | 160 DGRBM 3-923, 988 |
| c.160 | M.(1) Porcius CATO writes De Agri Cultura "On Agriculture": On growing vines, olives, fruit, and grazing in Latium and Campania. "Farming has become more amusement than a source of income. Pasturage is more profitable." "Plant grapes and olives rather than grain, which is subject to drought." | 160 B76 II-645, OCD 215 no date: TTPC 28 |
| c.160 | Donkey driven CERIAL MILL described in De Agri Cultura: On growing vines, olives, fruit, and grazing in Latium and Campania. "A farm must have 3 mills worked by asses and 1 hand mill." | 160 SHT 3-110 |
| c.160 | BEAM PRESS described in De Agri Cultura: A wooden wine press using large beams, capstans and windlasses to press grapes. | 160 SHT 2-114 |
| c.160 | ART revives in the 155th Olympiad according to Pliny, and extends to the time of the Antonines. | 160 DGRBM 3-294 |
| 159 Mar. | CONSULS: Gn.(2) Cornelius DOLABELLA and M.(2) Fulvius NOBILIOR | 159 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-1058, 2-1206, OCD 736, csm, wikCon |
| c.159 | Λ CENSORS V patrician P.(9) Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum and pleb M. Popillius Laenas | 159 DGRBM 2-708, 3-751, wikCon, wikLC |
| c.159 | A bronze statue of Sp. Cassius Vicellinus, who was beheaded 485 for aspiring to kingship, and which was erected later on the site of his house by one of his descendants, is melted down. | 159 DGRBM 3-1272 |
| c.159 | Censors remove unauthorized statues from the forum, including some statues of P.(7) Scipio Nasica. Order that no statues of public men be erected in the forum without express sanction of the senate or people. | 161 DGRA 1068 159 DGRBM 3-751, OCD 963, atl2 |
| c.159 | Lex Cornelia Fulvia de Λ Ambitu V . Authors, restrictions and penalties are unknown. | 159 EDRL 550 |
| c.159 | Consul M.(2) Fulvius Nobilior is sent to Liguria. | 159 DGRBM 2-1206, wikRGG |
| c.159 | The ELEATE (Ilvates?) of Liguria are defeated by consul M.(2) Fulvius Nobilior. | 159 DGRG 2-40, wikRGG |
| c.159 | Consular law against bribery. | 159 CAH 8-178 |
| c.159 | Embassy from Demetrius-I king of Syria 161-50 appears before senate. | 159 CAH 8, atl2 |
| c.159 | Achaean embassy including Thearidas visits Rome, fails to win release of exiles. | 159 DGRBM 3-1022, atl2 |
| c.159 | CHAROPS(2) tyrant of Epirus from 165 appears before senate, then dies at Brundisium. | 159 atl2, rcSB2 157 wikCE |
| c.159 | Before the CLEPSYDRA, a subordinate officer of the urban praetor proclaims the 3rd, 6th, and 9th hours of the day, which shows that their day was divided into 12 hours. | 159 DGRA 409 |
| c.159 | 1st CLEPSYDRA (water clock) set up in Rome by censor P.(9) Scipio Nasica Corculum. Better than a sundial, because it works at night. | 159 CDGRA 235, DGRA 409, 616, DGRBM 3-751, GHH, HRRP 1-547, LdHR 1-467, TToH, atl2, 158 Dur 3-66 |
| 159 | CRATES of Mallus, Stoic philosopher, head of library at Pergamum, visits Rome on official business, breaks a leg, has to stay, lectures on grammar, literature, and philosophy. He gets Romans interested in accurate texts of earlier writers. | 159 CDCC 225, CDGRA 338, Dur 3-95, SORH 157 DGRBM 1-884 |
| c.159 | TERENCE dies. P. Terentius Afer, a Carthaginian playwright, dies of illness in Arcadia Greece. | after 160 Dur 3-101, CDCC 868, OCD 1043, TTPC 28 159 B76 15-1098, CDGRA 203, DGRBM 3-998, GHH |
| 158 Mar | CONSULS: M.(6) Aemilius LEPIDUS and C.(1) Popillius LAENAS (2nd) | 158 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-763, csm, wikCon |
| c.158 | Λ CENSUS V by P.(9) Scipio Nasica Corculum and M. Popillius. 338,314 adult males. | 159 GHH 158 atl2 |
| c.158 | M.(2) Fulvius Nobilior has triumph for victory over the Eleiates Ligurians. | 158 CAH 8-117 |
| c.158 | Athenians and Delians send embassies to Rome about a legal dispute. | 158 atl2 |
| c.158 | ARIARATHES-V king of Cappadocia 163-30, recently expelled, arrives in Rome to ask for help. He is kept waiting a long time, during which he courts individual senators with little success. In Rome until 157. | 159/8 CAH 8-359 158 CAH 8-359, DGRBM 1-284, atl2, wikA5 |
| 157 Mar | CONSULS: Sextus(2) Julius CAESAR and L. Aurelius ORESTES | 157 CAH 8-322, DGRBM 1-537, 3-43, csm, wikCon |
| c.157 | ARIARATHES-V king of Cappadocia 163-30, and his opponents compete for support of Romans. | 157 atl2 |
| c.157 | OROPHERNES, rival king of Cappadocia sends 2 unscrupulous ambassadors Timothy and Diogenes to Rome to join emissaries of Demetrius-I of Syria in opposing his (so called) brother. | 157 DGRBM 3-21 |
| c.157 | Senate decrees that Cappadocia be divided between Ariarathes-V and Orophernes. | 157 CAH 8-359 |
| c.157 | ARIARATHES-V, king of Cappadocia 163-30, in Rome from 158, sails for home. | 157 atl2 |
| c.157 | Senate sends a commission under C. Fannius to Dalmatia. | 157 atl2 |
| c.157 | Roman treasury contains over (?) 17,000 pounds of gold and 22,000 pounds of silver. | 157 atl2 |
| c.157 | Senate sends an embassy including M.(1) Porcius Cato to arbitrate between Africa to arbitrate between Masinissa and Carthage. | 157 TTPC, atl2 |
| c.157 | AUXIMUM in Picenum becomes Roman citizen colony. | 157 SORH, atl2 128 OCD 155 |
| 156 Mar | CONSULS: L.(7) Cornelius Lentulus LUPUS and C. Marcius FIGULUS (2nd) Figulus is the first exception to the 10 year rule in more than half a century. The next exception is 155, then 152. | 156 CAH 8-191, DGRBM 2-150, 730, csm, wikCon |
| c.156 | Consul, C. Marcius FIGULUS is sent to Dalmatia. | 156 DGRBM 2-150 |
| c.156 | Envoys from Epirus appear before senate. | 156 atl2 |
| c.156 | Beginning of dispute about Oropus and Athens. | 156 CAH 8 |
| c.156 | Senate reacts cautiously to an appeal for help from ANDRONICUS, envoy of Attalus-II of Pergamum. | 156 DGRBM 1-173, atl2 |
| 155 Mar | CONSULS: P.(9) Cornelius Scipio NASICA CORCULUM (2nd) and M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS (2nd) | 155 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-932, 3-751, OCD 963, csm, wikCon |
| c. 155 | CARNEADES, head of New Platonic Academy 160-37/6, CRITOLAOS, head of Aristotelian Lyceum, DIOGENES, Stoic of Seleucia, with other Athenian biggies, go to Rome to ask for depreciation of the 500 talent fine imposed on Athens for destruction of Oropus, and to appeal against decision of Sicyonians. The philosophers hold public lectures and discussions which are well attended, and therefore dangerous. | 156 B76 III-558, 15-1099, EoΦ 2-33 155 BNTH 49, CAH 8, CDCC 42, DGRBM 1-614, 894, 1020, Dur 2-556, 3-20, 95-6, GHH, LdHR 2-103, OCD 206, OHG, SORH, atl2 |
| c.155 | C. ACILIUS GLABRIO, senator, historian, interprets for Athenians Carneades, Diogenes, and Critolaus. | 155 DGRBM 2-270, OCD 6 |
| c.155 | Conquest of Cisalpine Liguria completed by consul M.(7) Claudius Marcellus. | 156 CAH 8-114, wikRGG |
| c.155 | Consul M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS triumphs over the Apuani Ligurians. | 155 CAH 8-117, wikRGG |
| c.155 | CARNEADES, head of New Platonic Academy 160-37/6, , lectures in Rome, questions existence of gods, argues against existence of good & evil. | 156 Dur 3-20, 96 |
| c.155 | CARNEADES confuses the senate by first praising justice, then next day dismissing it as an impractical dream. With paradoxical sophistry he disgusts Polybius and annoys M.(1) Porcius Cato. | 155 MCAW |
| c.155 | M.(1) Porcius CATO opposes presence of Athenian embassy because of their liberal philosophers, gets them, including Carneades, sent home 3 days after they arrive. | 155 B76 15-1099, Dur 3-96, MCAW, OCD 215, acdm, bk |
| c.155 | Achaeans send Telecles, Anaxidamos and Xenon to Rome to try to get Stratius and Polybius, 2 of their exiles, released. A majority of the senate would have granted their request, but for manoeuvring of praetor A. Postumius, who presides. | 155 DGRBM 1-164, 3-923, 988, atl2 |
| c.155 | Senate votes to remit the fine on Athens, but against releasing Achaean exiles. | 155 LdHR 2-104, atl2 |
| c.155 | Polybius the historian persuades Romans not to demand troops from Locri during Dalmatian War. | 155 atl2 |
| c.155 | Aulus(2) Postumius ALBINUS is praetor. | 155 DGRBM 1-92 |
| c.155 | NICOMEDES, son of Prusias-II, king of Bithynia hostage in Rome 163-49, supports ambassadors of Prusias, sent to defend Prusias against complanits of Attalus-II, king of Pergamum. | 155 DGRBM 2-1196 |
| c.155 | P.(9) Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum refuses to celebrate a triumph, despite approval of senate. | 155 atl2 |
| c.155 | Good omen: A fig-tree grows on the altar of Jupiter on the Capitoline. | 155 atl2 |
| 154 Mar | CONSULS: L.(2) Postumius ALBINUS and Q. OPIMIIUS | 154 DGRBM 3-33, csm, wikCon |
| c.154 | Consul L.(2) Postumius ALBINUS leaves for his province and dies 7 days later. His wife Publicia is accused of poisoning him, and arrested. She gives bail to the praetor for her appearance, but is executed by order of her relations, by judicium domesticum. M' Albinus is replaced as consul by M'(2) Acilius GLABRIO. | 154 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-92, 2-271, 3-599, atl2 |
| c.154 | At request of Massilia, Consul Q. OPIMIIUS is sent to Gaul. He fights the Oxybii and Deciatae, Ligurian tribes north of the Alps, who had attacked Massilia. | 154 B76 7-960, DGRBM 3-33, OCD 609 |
| c.154 | War with Gauls, dormant from 166, resumes. | 154 GHH |
| c.154 | L.(2) Aurelius Cotta is pleb tribune, and refuses to pay his creditors. Other tribunes threaten to support creditors unless he pays up. | 154 DGRBM 1-867, atl2 |
| c.154 | Ligurians assault Roman envoy Flaminius. | 154 atl2 |
| c.154 | Λ CENSORS V patrician M.(3) Valerius Messalla and pleb C.(1) Cassius Longinus | 154 DGRBM 2-799, 1050, wikCon, wikLC |
| c.154 | L.(1) Calpurnius PISO Caesoninus is made praetor and sent to Farther Spain. | 154 DGRBM 3-372 |
| c.154 | Ptolemy EUERGETES, governor of Cyprus for P-VI, goes to Rome to get help from senate. | 154 DGRG 1-731 |
| c.154 | Son of P. Gracchus, Ti.(5) Sempronius GRACCUS dies, leaving highly educated widow Cornelia and 12 children, only 3 of whom survive to adulthood. Cornelia refuses offers to remarry, including Ptolemy-VIII. | 154 OCD 473 153 CDCC 237 |
| c.154 | Ptolemy-VIII Physcon, king of Cyrene, goes to Rome, accuses Ptolemy-VI Philometor of attempted murder. Despite opposition from M.(1) Porcius Cato (ally of Philometor), P-VIII receives Senate's support and further resources for another attempt on Cyprus. While in Rome he meets Cornelia Africana (recent widow of Ti.(5) Gracchus), and proposes marriage, which she refuses. | 156/5 wikP8 155/4 lvPt6 154 CAH 8-284, DGRBM 3-593, DGRG 1-731 |
| c.154 | Senate supports claim of Ptolemy-VIII Physcon to rule Cyprus. | 154 atl2 |
| c.154 | Senate sends Ptolemy-VIII Physcon home with 5 legates charged to establish him in Cyprus, but no Roman army. P-VI Philometor, anticipating him, had already occupied Cyprus with a large force. | 154 DGRBM 3-593, DGRG 1-731 |
| c.154 | Senate refuses to hear answer of Andromachus, ambassador of Ptolemy-VI Philometor to charges of Ptolemy-VIII Physcon. Orders allies to take Cyprus from P-VI and give it to P-VIII. Allies do little or nothing. | 154 CAH 8-284, DGRBM 1-173 |
| c.154 | Lex Aebutia de magistratibus extraordinariis forbids the proposer of an extraordinary magistracy to hold it. | 154 wikLRL 150 EDRL 547, unrv |
| c.154 | Censor C.(1) Cassius Longinus begins building 1st permanent stone theater. Construction is blocked by the senate on insistence of censor P.(9) Scipio Nasica Corculum on grounds of immorality. What was built is demolished. Theaters continue to be temporary booths, removed at festival's end until 145. | 156 GHH 155 DGRA 1123, LdHR 2-166 154 CAH 8-470, 510, CDCC 876, SORH, atl2 |
| c.154 | Censor C.(1) Cassius Longinus consults pontifices about moving a statue of Concordia into the senate-house. | 154 atl2 |
| c.154 | M. PACHUVIUS, neph of Ennius, tragedian, flourishes. | 155 GHH 154 SORH, atl2 dies 130 B76 VII-668, 15-1098, GHH |
| c.154 | LUSITANIAN WAR with Rome begins until 138. | 155 Dur 3-20 154 CAH 8, Dur 3-87, atl2, bk, wikTAR |
| c.154 | Senate quits supporting Ptolemy-VIII Physcon. | 154 CAH 8-284 |
| 154 Dec | Consuls, entering office on the ides (15th) of March from 222, now take office on the kalends (1st) of January, because of Lusitani rebellion. JANUARY 1 becomes beginning of civil year. | B76 15-1096, CAH 8, CDGRA 162, 206, DGRA 281, 353, OCD 286, LEWH 101, SORH, TTPC 28 |
| 154/3 | M.(1) Porcius Cato accuses another Minucius Thermus of outrageous and deceitful conduct inspired by greed. | 154 or 3 CAH 8-182 |
| 153 Jan 1 | CONSULS: T. Annius LUSCUS and Q. Fulvius NOBILIOR | 153 CAH 8, 9-67, DGRBM 2-842, 1206, OCD 646, csm, wikCon |
| c.153 | ALEXANDER BALAS, pretender to Syrian throne taken to Rome by Milesian Heracleides, along with 2 actual kids of A-IV. Heracleides bribes some senators to get Balas accepted as king of Syria. | 154 CAH 8-362, 523 153 BHS 2-209, CAH 8, TTPC, atl2 |
| c.153 | Senate, wanting a weak king in Syria, recognizes ALEXANDER BALAS as son of Antiochus-IV and legitimate king of Syria. Senate even promises Roman support. | 153 MCAW winter 153/2 CAH 8 152 CAH 8-362, atl2 |
| c.153 | L. MUMMIUS is made praetor and sent to Farther Spain until 152, succeeding praetor L. Calpurnius PISO Caesoninus, in Farther Spain from 154, who returns. | 154 DGRBM 2-1119 153 rcIb, wikRCH |
| c.153 | Consul Q. Fulvius NOBILIOR is sent to Nearer Spain with nearly 30,000 men until 152. | 153 CAH 8-132, wikRCH |
| c.153 | Λ CENSUS V by M. Valerius and C.(1) Cassius. 324,000 adult males. | 154 GHH 153 atl2 |
| c.153 | A Rhodian embassy, led by Astymedes, appeals for Roman intervention in war against Crete. | 153 atl2 |
| c.153 | Senate decides not to release the Achaean detainees. | 153 atl2 |
| c.153 | L.(7) Cornelius Lentulus Lupus is convicted of treason. | 153 atl2 |
| c.153 | M.(1) Porcius CATO is accused of some capital crime by C.(1) Cassius. He defends himself in court, for the last time. "How hard it is for one whose life has been passed in a preceding generation to plead his cause before men of the present." | 153 DGRBM 1-642, GHH, atl2 |
| c.153 | Senate objects to the town of Segeda in Nearer Spain building a circuit of walls, and declares 2nd CELTIBERI War until 151. | 155 wikRCH 153 CAH 8, CDCC 176, GHH, OCD 218, atl2 |
| c.153 | Several praetors are convicted of extortion in the provinces. About the same date Ser.(3) Sulpicius Galba (governor of Farther Spain, 151/50) is found guilty of a similar offence. | 153 CAH 8-131, atl2 |
| c.153 | Publicia and Licinia are executed on suspicion of having murdered their husbands. | 153 atl2 |
| c.153 | M.(1) Porcius CATO becomes ambassador to Carthage, sees their new prosperity, fears Carthage as a potential threat, returns, begins preaching "Carthage must be destroyed.". | 153 B76 II-645, CAH 8-149, MCAW, OCD 215 152 atl2 151 LdHR 2-117 |
| 152 Jan | CONSULS: L.(5) Valerius FLACCUS and M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS (3rd) | 152 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-158, 932, csm, wikCon |
| 152 | Consul L.(5) Valerius FLACCUS dies. | 152 DGRBM 2-158, atl2 |
| c.152 | M.(1) Porcius CATO urges destruction of Carthage, and illustrates their threat by showing fresh figs from the city. "These figs grow but 3 days sail from Rome." P.(9) Scipio Nasica Corculum opposes destruction of Carthage. | 152 atl2 151 LdHR 2-117-8 |
| c.152 | ATTALUS, neph of childless Attalus-II king of Pergamum, sent to Rome to get him acquainted. | 152 DGRBM 1-411 |
| c.152 | M.(2) Porcius CATO Licinianus, son of M.(1), dies 3 years before his father, who gives him a frugal funeral. | 152 DGRBM 1-644 |
| c.152 | M. ATILIUS SERRANUS is made praetor and sent to Farther Spain until 151 succeeding Praetor L. MUMMIUS, in Farther Spain from 154, who returns. | 152 CAH 8-133, DGRBM 3-788 |
| c.152 | Consul M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS sent to Spain until 151 with 8,000 inf and 500 cav. to succeed Q. Fulvius NOBILIOR, in Spain from 153, who returns to Rome. | 152 CAH 8, CDCC 617, DGRBM 2-932, GHH, OCD 646, rcIb, wikClW, wikRCH, wikTRH |
| c.152 | M.(4) Aemilius LEPIDUS, pontifex maximus from 180, princeps senatus from 179, greatly honored, dies, having ordered his sons to bury him in a simple manner. Pontifex maximus office is vacant until 150. | 152 CDCC 15, DGRBM 2-763, atl2, wikMAL, wikPM |
| 151 Jan | CONSULS: Aulus(2) Postumius ALBINUS and L.(2) Licinius LUCULLUS | 151 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-92, 2-831, OCD 624, csm, wikCon |
| c.151 | Repeated military disasters in Spain have inspired such dread of that war, that men resist conscription. None wants to signs up as a soldier, or to be tribune or legate. | 151 CAH 8-194, DGRBM 3-748, LdHR 2-105, bk |
| c.151 | Consuls ALBINUS and L.(2) LUCULLUS try so hard to enforce draft laws to raise troops for Spain that they are imprisoned by tribunes. Again 138. | 151 B76 15-1096, DGRBM 1-92, LdHR 2-106, OCD 624, atl2 |
| c.151 | Celtiberi send envoys to Rome. Senate rejects Celtiberian peace terms. | 151 CAH 8-132, atl2 |
| c.151 | 2nd CELTIBERI WAR from 153 suspended until 143. | 152 wikClW, wikTRH 151 CAH 8-132, atl2 149 CDCC 176 |
| c.151 | C.(2) LAELIUS SAPIENS is pleb tribune. | 151 DGRBM 2-706 |
| c.151 | 2nd son of L.(2) Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus, P.(10) SCIPIO AEMILIANUS, age 33, volunteers to serve under consul Lucullus as military tribune in Spain when many refuse. He is sent to Spain. Polybius accompanies. | 151 CDCC 703, OCD 963, 853, atl2 |
| c.151 | MACEDONIA, now 4 separate republics, is so distressed that it sends envoys to Rome asking for P.(10) Scipio Aemilianus to return and straighten things out. However, Aemilianus is already committed to serve under consul Lucullus. | 151 LdHR 2-110 |
| c.151 | Roman embassy returns from Africa with Gulussa, 2nd son of Masinissa, and reports on Punic war preparations. | 151 atl2 |
| c.151 | M.(7) Claudius MARCELLUS governor of Spain from 150, returns to Rome. Consul L.(2) Licinius LUCULLUS succeds until ?. | 151 DGRBM 2-831, OCD 646 |
| c.151 | Praetor M. ATILIUS SERRANUS, in Farther Spain from 152, returns to Rome, succeeded by praetor Servius Sulpicius GALBA until 149. Galba hastens to relieve some Roman subjects who are pressed by the Lusitani. | 151 DGRBM 2-205, GHH, rcIb |
| c.151 | P.(10) Scipio Aemilianus influences Censor M.(1) Porcius Cato to support the restoration of the Achaean exiles, and the authority of Cato carried the point, but not without protracted debate in the senate. | 151 DGRBM 3-444 |
| c.151 | M.(1) Porcius CATO favors return of Achaean exiles. His argument is not out of sympathy, but because he's tired of wasting time debating it. He favors Attalus-II of Pergamum over Prusias-II of Bithynia, and favors prohibition of re-election to consulship. | 151 LdHR 2-109, OCD 215 |
| c.151 | Senate votes to allow Achaean exiles to return home, after a caustic comment from M.(1) Porcius Cato. | 149 atl2 |
| c.151 | 300 surviving ACHAEAN EXILES out of the original 1,000, in Rome from 167, return to Greece. | 151 CAH 8, GHH, LEWH 92, MCAW, SORH 151/50 B76 8-385, LdHR 2-110, 150 CAH 8-319, CDCC 703, Dur 2-665, OCD 853 149 atl2 |
| c.151 | A law forbids successive consulships, but permits re-election after 1 year, thus voiding Lex Annalis 342. Repealed 81. | 151 LEWH 101-2 |
Italy 150-124
V