ANATOLIA is now called ASIA (not Asia Minor) by Macedonians. It is still called ANATOLIA here to avoid confusion with greater Asia.
| c.300 | SELEUCIA TRACHEA on Calycadnus River in Cilicia founded by Seleucus Nicator. | 300 IDB 4-263, lvA |
CONFUSION ALERT! There are 3 SELEUCIAs: Trachea in Cilicia, Pieria on the Orontes, and on the Tigris.
| c.300 | LUWIAN LANGUAGE of Lycia, 1st attested 500, no longer attested. | 300 wikLc |
| c. 300 |  3rd TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at Ephesus, begun 323, and bigger than the 2nd, finished. 137m long by 69m wide, and 18m high, with more than 127 columns. This reconstruction survives for 600 years. |
photo of model GNU FDL 300 Dur 2-618 |
| c.300 | Demetrius-I as ally of Ephesus makes war on Priene until 297. | 300 CAH 7.1 |
| c.300 | Temple of Apollo at Didyma Ionia begun. Remains incomplete 700 years later. | 300 OHG 450 |
| c.300 | CASSANDER, LYSIMACHUS, & SELEUCUS make treaty confirmed by marriages. Ptolemy's dau Arsinoe-II marries Lysimachus (who must divorce Amastris, wife from 301). Lysandra marries Lysimachus' son Agathocles. Seleucus marries Stratonice, age 16, dau of Demetrius-I. | 300 CDCC 86, DGRBM 1-366, lvD, lvPt1, wikStr 299 GHH, lvA 299/8 B76 15-181, OCD 124 |
| c.300 | SMYRNA, under Lysimachos 323-282, moved southwest to slopes of Mt. Pagus, which now gets a citadel built on its top. | 300 ISBE 4-555 |
| c.300 | AMASTRIS, dau of Oxyartes, wife of Lysimachus from 302, divorced. | 300 DGRBM 1-366 no date: DGRBM 1-137 |
| c.299 | CILICIA, under Pleistarchos from 301, taken almost without opposition by Demetrius-I, under him until 295. Pleistarchos returns to bro Cassander and drops out of history. | 300 DGRBM 3-412 299 BHS 1-232, LEWH 90 298 rcT |
| c.299 | CARIA, under Pleistarchos from 301, comes under Demetrius-I until 294. | 299 rcT |
| 298/7 | ZIPOETES (Ziboetes), prince of Bithynia from 327, declares self king of Bithynia until 279, but apparently remains vassal of Seleucus until 280. Bithynia was never conquered by Alex-III. | 298 OCD 734 298/7 B76 8-381, frH 297 BHS 1-98, BHS 1-98, CAH 7.1-63, anan, bk, wikBθ, wikLRB 297/6 CAH 7.1-425 |
| 297/6 | BITHYNIA becomes an independent state until 74. Pontic era will be subsequently back-dated to this year. | 297 wikBθPn, wikBθ 297/6 CAH 7.1-425 |
| c.296 | DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes makes peace with PTOLEMY-I, who promises marriage to his dau Ptolemais. | 296 B76 15-181 |
| 296/5 | EPHESUS, within kingdom of LYSIMACHUS 323-281, replanned, renamed ARSINOEA after his 2nd wife Arsinoe-II until 281. | 296/5 OCD 387 |
| c.295 | LYCIA, under Pleistarchos from 301, under Demetrius-I from ?, siezed by PTOLEMY-I, dependency of Egypt until 272 or 240. | 296/5 LEWH 96 295 rcT 294 lvPt1 |
| c.295 | PAMPHYLIA, under ?????? from 301, siezed by PTOLEMY-I, under Ptolemies until 272. | 295 rcT 294 lvPt1 |
| c.295 | CILICIA, under DEMETRIUS-I from 299, taken by SELEUCUS-I, under him until 273/2. | 296/5 LEWH 93 295 LEWH 90, anan 294 B76 8-378 |
| c.295 | Most of Ionia taken by Lysimachus until 281. | 295 anan |
| c.294 | CARIA, under Demetrius-I from 299, acquired by PTOLEMY-I until 272. | 296/5 LEWH 96 294 rcT |
| c.292 | SELEUCUS, king of Babylonia 305, ruler of Syria 301-281, makes son ANTIOCHUS-I co-king and gives him the eastern empire from the Euphrates to the Indian Ocean plus his own wife Stratonice-I, on whom Antiochus had developed a crush. Seleucus takes evetything west of the Euphrates. | 294 CAH 7.1, GHH 294/3 lvA1 293 DGRBM 3-772, MCAW 293/2 CDCC 804, OCD 71 292 lvS1 |
| c.292 | Lebedos and Colophon destroyed by Lysimachus. Inhabitants relocated to Ephesus. | 292 wikEΦ |
| c.290 | EPHESUS directly under Lysimachus 320-281, (now called Arsinoea): As the Cayster river silted up the harbor, resulting marshes caused the people of Ephesus to move to a new settlement 2km up river to Coressos and Pion. | 290 wikEΦ 286-81 B76 6-905 |
| c.290 | TIMOCRATES of Lampsacus, elder bro of Metrodoros, best friend and most loyal follower of Epicurus, denies that pleasure is the supreme good of life, breaks from Epicureans. | 290 wikEΦ 290 CHHΦ, wikTL |
| c.290 | SAMES-I, becomes satrap of Commagene until 260. | 290 frH, wikLrC |
| c.289 | AMASTRIS, regent of Heraclea Pontica 305-284, marries LYSIMACHUS of Thrace. | 289 TAG 117 |
| c.287 | DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes, former king of Macedonia 294-88, with only a small mercenary force left, puts son ANTIGONUS-II Gonatas in charge of Greek holdings. Sails to Miletos to attack Caria and Lydia, provinces of Lysimachus. | 287 BHS 1-65, 118, DGRBM 1-189, OCD 69, 325, lvG, lvPt1, lvG, lvPt1, wikA2G, wikWD |
| c.287 | SARDIS, under Seleucids from 301 taken by Demetrius-I Poliorcetes. | 287 BHS 1-65 |
| c.287 | EURYDICE, wife of Ptolemy-I, and son, and dau Ptolemais leave Egypt, go to Miletos Caria. | 287 CDCC 133 |
| c.287 | EURYDICE, dau of Antipater, wife of Ptolemy-I, but supplanted by Berenice-I, welcomes Demetrius-I Poliorcetes at Miletos. Gives D-I her dau by P-I, Ptolemais (who had been promised D-I in 301 & 296) in marriage, though it will offend Ptolemy-I. | 287 DGRBM 1-964, 2-110 |
| c.287 | DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes, boss of some scattered islands and cities, and parts of Greece, marries P-I's dau PTOLEMAIS against wishes of P-I. | 287 DGRBM 1-964, lvErd |
| c.287 | COALITION against DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes formed by PYRRHUS, LYSIMACHUS, SELEUCUS-I, and PTOLEMY-I | 288 DGRBM 3-772, atl3 287 DGRBM 3-584 |
| c.287 | AGATHOCLES, son of Lysimachus, sent from Thrace to Anatolia to fight Demetrius-I Poliorcetes, and recover possessions in Lydia and Caria. Unsuccessful. | 287 DGRBM 1-65, 964 |
| c.287 | Writings of ARISTOTLE & THEOPHRASTOS, in Athens from ?, bequeathed to Neleus of Scepsis in the Troad. Kept in a cellar until 100. | 287 Dur 2-601 no date: B76 1-1165, OCD 115 |
| c.286 | DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes, in Anatolia from 287, attacks possessions of LYSIMACHUS of Thrace, then disease breaks out. His army is now reduced by 8,000. He gives up on Lysimachus. | 286 B76 8-378 no date: BHS 1-66 |
| c.286 | DEMETRIUS-I Poliorcetes, now with only 3,000 men, attacks Seleucid possessions. | 286 B76 8-378 no date: BHS 1-66 |
| c.286 | ZIPOETES, king of Bithynia 298/7-79, begins war with Lysimachus of Thrace. | 286 GHH |
| c.286 | MILETOS under Demetrius-I from ?, opens gates to a general of Lysimachus. | 286 TAG 105 |
| c.286 | SOSIGENES is among the few still loyal to Demetrius-I Poliorcetes. He gives Demetrius-I 400 gold pieces, with which he tries to reach the coast. | 286 DGRBM 3-882 |
| c.286 | LYSIAS, general under Seleucus-I, sent to occupy passes of Mt. Amanos to prevent escape of Demetrius-I Poliorcetes. | 286 DGRBM 2-864 |
| c.285 | DEMETRIUS-I POLIORCETES captured. Former king of Macedonia 294-88, wants to march east, but troops refuse to follow, goes to Cilicia. He writes to Seleucus asking for help, then gets sick. Deserted by troops, heads west, captured by Seleucus-I Nicator king of Syria/Babylonia. Detained in Apamea Syria. Treated well until death 283. | 286 CAH 7.1-108, DGRBM 1-964, 3-772, GHH, MCAW 285 B76 1-991, 8-378, 16-503, LEWH 90, OHG, TTPC, anan, hifi, wikWD |
| c.285 | Lysimachus sends message to Seleucus-I Nicator king of Syria/Babylonia, offers him 2,000 talents to kill Demetrius-I. Seleucus is so miffed that he announces intent to restore Demetrius-I to the throne of Macedonia. | 285 BHS 1-69-70 |
| c.285 | Rhodian admiral AGATHOSTRATOS defeats Ptolemaic fleet off Ephesus. | 285 Shaw 398 |
| c.284 | Dau of Oxyartes, AMASTRIS dies. Regent of Heraclea Pontica from 305 for sons OXYATHRES and CLEARCHOS, murdered by them. | 288 DGRBM 1-137, 366 284 wikOH |
| c.284 | OXYATHRES and CLEARCHOS die. Tyrants of Heraclea Pontica from 305, both executed by Lysimachus, who makes himself master of Heraclea until 283. | 286 DGRBM 2-869 285 DGRBM 3-75 284 wikOH |
| c.283 | Heraclea Pontica, under Lysimachus from 284, given to his wife, Arsinoe-II until 281. | no date: DGRBM 2-869 |
| c.283 | Son of Antigonus-I Monophthalamus, DEMETRIUS-I POLIORCETES dies. Former king of Macedonia 294-88, prisoner of Seleucus-I from 285, age 55, dies of drink in Cilicia. Remains sent to his son Antigonus-II Gonatas in Greece. | 284 GHH 284/3 OCD 69, wikWD 283 B76 III-456, 1-991, 8-378, CAH 7.1-108, 8, DGRBM 1-964, MCAW, OHG, frH, wikD1M |
 |
| c.282 | PHILETAEROS, gov of Pergamum 301-263, under Lysimachus 302-282, entrusted by Lysimachus with 9,000 talents. | 283 IDB 3-733 282 Dur 2-578 |
| c.282 | ANATOLIA, under LYSIMACHUS of Thrace from 301, invaded by SELEUCUS-I Nicator, king of Babylonia 305, Syria 301-281, co-king with son Antiochus-I from 292. | 282 B76 8-378, lvA 282/1 CAH 7.1-113 |
| c.282 | LYSANDRA, widow of Agathocles, and her bro Ptolemy Keraunos (both kids of recently dead Ptolemy-I) flee from Thrace to Seleucus-I, persuade him to attack Lysimachus' Ionian lands and then go for Macedonia. | 282 lvA, wikA2G
no date: B76 8-378 |
| c.282 | SMYRNA, under Lysimachos from 323, becomes free ally of Pergamum until 197. | 282 rcT |
| c.282 | PHILETAEROS, treasurer and gov of Pergamum 301-263, under Lysimachus from 301, defects to SELEUCUS-I, comes under Seleucids until death 263. PERGAMUM comes under Seleucids until 263/2 | 282 B76 VII-939, 8-378, GHH, ISBE 1-326, MCAW, OCD 814, anan, frH, hifi, rcT 281 CAH 7.1-208 |
| c.281 | Lysimachus goes from Thrace to Ionia. | 281 guess |
| c.281 | LYSIMACHUS dies. Satrap 323, king 305 of Thrace, ruler of Anatolia from 301, Macedonia from 285, defeated by SELEUCUS-I at Corupedium north of Sardis. Lysimachus is killed in battle, age 80, leaving wife from 300 Arsinoe-II. This is the last battle of 2 former officers of Alex-III. | 282 B76 8-378 281 AΨΨ 99, 403, B76 VI-420, 16-503, BHS 1-97, Feb CAH 7.1-113, 483, CDCC 537, 804, DGRBM 1-366, 2-863, 870, 3-772, GHH, IDB 2-115, 3-733, LEWH 90, 93, MCAW, MRDK 262, OCD 632, OHG, RAH 379, Shaw 390, TAG 128, anan, bk, lvA, lvPt1, lvS1, wikA2G, wikWD |
| c.281 | ARSINOE-II, widow of Lysimachus, flees to Ephesus. | 281 DGRBM 1-366 |
| c.281 | ARSINOE-II, widow of Lysimachus, flees from Ephesus to Cassandreia (formerly Potidaea Chalcidice). | 281 DGRBM 1-366, wikA2 |
| c.281 | Most of ANATOLIA, under LYSIMACHUS from 301, taken by SELEUCUS-I, comes under SELEUCIDS until 188. | 282 B76 8-378 281 LEWH 93 |
| c.281 | Bithynia and Pisidia still defy external control. | 281 BHS 1-100 |
| c.281 | NICAEA Bithynia, under Lysimachus from 301, comes under Seleucids until ?. | 281 guess |
| c.281 | LYDIA, under Lysimachus from 301, comes under Seleucids until 190. | 281 lvA |
| c.281 | ANTIGONEIA TROAS under Lysimachus from 306, refounded as ALEXANDRIA TROAS until ?. | 300 BAA 311 281 atl3 |
| c.281 | EPHESUS, in kingdom of LYSIMACHUS from 323, and directly under him from 320, named ARSINOEA from 290, comes under SELEUCIDS until 263. Renamed Ephesus. | 282 rcT 281 B76 6-905, IDB 2-115, ISBE 2-116, wikEΦ |
| c.281 | HALICARNASSUS, under Lysimachus from 301, comes under Ptolemies until 197. | 281 B76 IV-852 |
| c.281 | SELEUCUS-I, crosses Hellespont from Anatolia to Thrace. | 282 B76 8-378 281 BHS 1-73, CAH 7.1-113, LEWH 93, lvPt1 |
| c.281 | SELEUCUS-I dies. King of Babylonia 305, ruler of Syria 301-281, co-king with son Antiochus from 292, stabbed to death by Ptolemy Keraunos in Lysimacheia in Thracian Chersonese. ANTIOCHUS-I sole rule until 261. |
282 IDB 4-267 281 B76 8-378, 16-503, CAH 7.1, Jud 3-73, LEWH 90, OCD 71, RAI2, RAI3, Shaw 390, lvA, wikA1 280 DGRBM 3-569, 772, GHH, IDB 1-149, LEWH 93, anan |
| c.281 | PONTUS, under Mithridates-I from 302, as vassal of Seleucus-I from ?, sets up its own monarchy. MITHRIDATES-I is king of Pontus until 266. It comprises eastern Paphlagonia and northern Cappadocia. | 296 or 81 CAH 7.1-63 281 CAH 7.1-426, wikKPn 281/0 BHS 1-153, CAH 9-131 280 Dur 2-578 |
| c.281 | HERACLEA PONTICA, under tyranny from 365, under Arsinoe-II from 283, recovers independence. Allies with Byzantium and Chalcedon to maintain their independence. | 281 TAG 130-1 |
| c.281 | Anti-Seleucid NORTHERN LEAGUE formed: Byzantium, Tieium, Heraclea, Chalcedon Cierus, and others. | no date: TAG 162 |
| c.281 | MITHRIDATES-I king of Pontus, allies with Heraclea to protect it from Seleucus-I . Heraclea lends Mithridates its fleet. | 281 DGRBM 2-1095, TAG 131 |
| c.281 | ANTIOCHUS-I Soter, king of Syria / Babylonia 281-61, renounces all ambitions west of Dardanelles straits. | 281 OCD 71 |
| c.280 | HEROPHILOS of Chalcedon, anatomist, mostly in Alexandria, dies in Bithynia. Performed public disections of human cadavers. | 280 B76 V-6 |
| c.280 | PATROCLES made commander of army in Anatolia by Antiochus-I. | 280 DGRBM 3-139 |
| c.280 | ZIPOETES, king of Bithynia 298/7-79, vassal of Seleucids from 298/7, goes independent. | 280 Dur 2-578, anan |
| c.280 | SINOPE on Black Sea, under tyrant Scydrothemis from 301, becomes independent republic until 183. | 280 rcT |
| c.280 | Ariarathes-II and Orontes-III of Armenia defeat Seleucid army. | 280 lvA |
| c.280 | PHILETAEROS, gov of fortress of Pergamum 301-263, under Seleucids from 282, uses political disorder to establish himself in virtual independence. He gets the body of Seleucus-I from Ptolemy Keraunos, and buries it with honors, thus ingratiating himself to Antiochus-I. | 280 DGRBM 3-266 |
| c.280 | Son of Ariarathes-I, ARIARATHES-II ends. Nominally Seleucid satrap of Cappadocia from 301. 1st son ARIARAMNES-II succeeds as king until 230, but still token vassal of Seleucids until 255. | 284 GHH 280 Dur 2-578, OCD 107, anan, awCap, frH, rcT, wikLRC 275 lvA |
| c.280 | LYCAONIA, a district of central Anatolia, comes under Seleucids until 189. | 280 IDB 3-194 |
| c.280 | 1st SYRO / EGYPT WAR begins until 279. Ptolemy-II Philadelphus conducts a brief successful war against Antiochus-I mostly in Anatolia, but also in Levant. | 280 CAH 7.1-145, lvFSW, lvPt2 |
| c.279 | ZIPOETES dies age 76, king of Bithynia from 298/7, leaves 4 kids. 1st son NICOMEDES-I succeeds until 250. He murders 2 bros, but a 3rd, Zipoetes, escapes. | 280 frH 279 CAH 7.1-425, 9, IDB 1-443, OCD 734, anan, bk, rcT 278 B76 VII-332, DGRBM 2-1196, 3-1329, DGRG 1-404, GHH, wikLRB, wikZ1 |
| c.279 | ANTIGONUS-II Gonatas king of Greece 283-39 flees to Anatolia until 278. | 279 B76 8-379 |
| sails to Anatolia at invitation of Northern League to attack Antiochus-I | 279 TAG 161-2 |
| c.279 | AMASTRIS, coastal city on western border of Paphlagonia, is acquired for Mithridates-I Ktistes of Pontus by his son Ariobarzanes from its ruler Eumenes. Pontus now reaches to the Sangarius River in the west. | 279 CAH 9-131, wikKPn |
| c.279 | MILETOS Caria, under Lysimachus from 281, taken by PTOLEMY-II Philadelphus until 258/7. | 279 LEWH 93, rcT 272 TTPC |
| c.279 | ANTIGONUS-II Gonatas honcho of Greece, and ANTIOCHUS-I, king of Syria / Babylonia 281-61, suspend their brief hostilities in Anatolia, possibly to each send a small force to Thermopylae. | fall 279 TAG 161 |
| c.279 | 1st SYRO / EGYPT WAR from 280 suspended until 275. Ptolemy-II Philadelphus keeps Anatolian possessions: Ionia, Caria, Lycia, Pamphylia, and parts of Cilicia. | 279 B76 8-379, lvA1, lvFSW |
| c.278 | Peace settlement in Anatolia made between ANTIGONUS-II Gonatas honcho of Greece, and ANTIOCHUS-I, king of Syria / Babylonia 281-61, who renounces claim to Macedonia. They make a defensive agreement with against Ptolemy-III | 278 CAH 7.1-256, OCD 69, 71, atl3 |
| c.278 | Antigonus-II Gonatas king of Greece 283-39, in Anatolia from 279, invades Macedonia. | 278 wikSM |
| c.278 | ANTIGONUS-II Gonatas king of Greece 283-39, returns to Greece. | 278 guess |
| c.278 | PHILETAEROS, gov of Pergamum 301-263, under Seleucids 282-63 defends against Galatian invaders intil 276. | 278 frH |
| c.278 | ZIPOETES, bro of Nicomedes-I king of Bithynia, maintains independence in a part of Bithynia. Bithynian civil war begins until 277. | 278 B76 IV-383, wikLRB no date: DGRBM 2-1196 |
| c.278 | NICOMEDES-I king of Bithynia 279-50, is threatened with invasion by Antiochus-I. Nicomedes therefore allies with the Northern League, and becomes its leader, then with Antigonus-II Gonatas. The invasion doesn't happen. | no date: DGRBM 2-1196 |
| c.278 | Liutarios and Leonnarios become chiefs in Galatia. | 278 frH |
| c.278/7 | METHODOROS of Lampsacus, younger bro of Timocrates, Epicurean, dies. | 290 wikEΦ 278/7 CHHΦ, wikML |
| c.277 | NICOMEDES-I king of Bithynia 279-50 allies with 3 tribes of Celts (Tectosagii, Trocmi, Tolistobogii) which had migrated to southeastern Thrace. He invites them to invade Anatolia, now under Antiochus-I. | 278 B76 1-824, DGRBM 2-754, DGRG 1-404, 928, GHH, IDB 2-336, ISBE 1-326 277 B76 8-381 |
| c.277 | 3 tribes of CELTS (Tectosagii, Trocmi, Tolistobogii, under Lutarius and Leonnorius) in Chersonese, cross Dardanelles into Anatolia, now under Antiochus-I. They attack Cyzicus, Erythrae, Didyma. | 278 CDCC 272, GHH, ISBE 1-326, MCAW, anan, wikA1 278/7 BAA 310, CAH 7.1-415 277 B76 8-381, Dur 2-555 |
| c. 277 | PAUSANIAS describes Celt invasion of Anatolia: "They butchered all the males and likewise old women, and babes at their mothers breasts; they drank the blood and feasted on the flesh of infants that were fat. High spirited women, and maidens in their flower committed suicide ... those that survived were subject to every kind of outrage. ... Some of the women rushed upon the swords of the Gauls, and voluntarily courted death. To others death came from absence of food or sleep, as these merciless barbarians ravished them in turn, and wreaked their lusts upon them whether dying or dead." | Pausanias X-22 no date: Dur 2-559 |
| c.277 | CELTS in Anatolia extract 2,000 talents annually from Seleucids. | 278 MCAW |
| c.277 | ZIPOETES dies. Independent ruler in Bithynia, defeated and killed by bro Nicomedes-I king of Bithynia 279-50 allied with Celts. | no date: DGRBM 2-1196 |
| c.277 | ANCYRA Galatia settled by Tectosages. | 278 DGRG 1-134 |
| c.277 | ANTIOCHUS-I, king of Syria / Babylonia 281-61 and vassal PHILATAERUS of Pergamum are occupied with CELTS until 275. | 277 B76 8-380, OCD 814 |
| c.276 | PHILETAEROS, gov of Pergamum 301-263, under Seleucids 282-63 fighting Galatian invaders from 278, defeats them. | 276 frH |
| c.276 | PAPHLAGONIA, under Pontus from 301, comes under Galatia until 200, but semi-independent until mid 180s. | 276 wikLPΦ |
Anatolia 275-201
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