False testimony:
Ham 1-4 | (an unproven charge) is punishable by receiving the same punishment that the accused would have gotten. | ANET 166 |
Mosaic | (an untruthful charge) is punishable by receiving the same punishment that the accused would have gotten. | Dt 19:18-19 |
THEFT
THEFT: Theft in general:
Mosaic | Concerning entrusted property, lost and found property, violent theft, theft by deceit or false testimony: The theif shall return the merchandise plus 1/5. |
Lev 6:2-5 |
Note: This appears to conflict with Exodus. But Exodus tells what to do with thieves who are caught. Leviticus tells what a thief must do to square himself with Yaweh. |
THEFT: If a man steals an ox or sheep
Ham 8 | He shall repay 30 fold for church or state propety, 10 fold for private propety. If he fails, he shall be killed. | ANET 166 |
Hit 57, 59 |
He shall repay 15 fold for an adult, 5 fold for a yearling, 5 fold for a weanling, and pledge his estate as security. | ANET 192 |
Assyrian C8 | He shall pay ... minas of lead, be flogged 50 times, and work for the king ... days. | ANET 187 |
Mosaic | He shall repay double if it is recovered alive. | Ex 22:4 |
Mosaic | He shall repay 5 fold for an ox, 4 fold for a sheep if it is sold or killed. | Ex 22:1 |
THEFT: If a man enters another's house and steals:
Ham 21-22 |
He shall be killed. | ANET 167 |
Hit 94, 96 |
If a freeman, he shall give back what he stole, plus 12 shekels silver, and be fined according to the amount stolen, and pledge his estate as security. | ANET 193 |
Hit 95, 97 |
If a slave, he shall give back what he stole, plus 6 shekels silver, and have his nose and ears cut off, and be fined according to the amount stolen, and pledge his estate as security. | ANET 193 |
THEFT: If a man grazes his animal in another's field:
Ham 57 | He shall repay plus 20 kur of grain per 18 iku. | ANET 168 |
Mosaic | He shall repay with the firstfruits of his own field. | Ex 22:5 |
THEFT: If a man steals property entrusted to him:
Ham 107 | If a trader steals property from a merchant, he shall restore 6 fold. | ANET 170 |
Ham 106 | [BUT] If a trader steals borrowed money from a merchant, the trader shall repay only 3 fold. | ANET 170 |
Ham 120 | A man who steals grain entrusted to him shall repay double. | ANET 171 |
Ham 124 | A man who steals anything entrusted to him in the presence of witnesses shall repay double. | ANET 171 |
Assyrian C4 | If a man sells an animal which was lent to him as a pledge, he shall give an animal of like value, or the money received. The original owner may choose to sieze his own animal from the buyer, in which case the trustee repays the buyer. | ANET 187 |
THEFT: If a man entrusts property to a trustee, and someone else steals it:
Esh 36 | If there is no evidence of robbery, the trustee shall make equal restitution. | ANET 163 |
Esh 37 | If there is evidence of robbery, and some of the trustee's property was stolen, the trustee shall swear and make no restitution. | ANET 163 |
Ham 120 | A man entrusted with grain which is stolen shall repay double. | ANET 171 |
Ham 125 | If a thief stole the entrusted property plus some of the trustee's property, the trustee shall make equal restitution, and help hunt for the thief. | ANET 171 |
Assyrian C9 | If a man entrusts property to his wife or slave, and that wife or slave entrusts it to another trustee, and that trustee doesn't tell the owner about it, and the owner finds the property in the possession of that trustee, then the owner shall reclaim his property, and the trustee shall be liable. | ANET 187 |
Mosaic | If the thief is caught, he shall repay double. | Ex 22:7 |
Mosaic | If no thief is found, the trustee shall be brought to the judges. | Ex 22:8 |
THEFT: If a man finds lost property:
Esh 50 | Any official finding a lost slave, ox, or ass must drive it to Eshnunna within 1 month, or be charged with theft. | ANET 163 |
Hit 71 | A man finding an ox, horse, or mule must drive it to the kings court. If he found it in the country, the elders may grant it to him. If he keeps it without the elders' OK, and its owner finds it, the man becomes a thief. | ANET 192 |
Assyrian C6 | If he sells it, then the original owner who finds it may not sieze it, but must get its value from the one who found and sold it. | ANET 187 |
Mosaic | A man finding a lost ox, or donkey must return it. (No punishment is specified for failure to do so, except in Lev.) | Ex 23:4 |
Mosaic | A man finding lost property, who does not return it, and is caught, must return it plus 1/5 its value. | Lev 6:3-5 |
THEFT: Kidnapping
Ham 14 | He who kidnaps a son shall be killed. | ANET 166 |
Hit 19, 20 |
A kidnapper who is caught must return the person he stole and pay a fine, the amount depending on the nationality of the kidnapper and the kidnappee. If a foreigner takes a Hittite out of Hittite land, the kisnapper shall forfeit his estate. If a Hittite steals a foreigner in Hittite land, and takes him out, he shall repay 6 persons. If a Hittite steals a Hittite in a foreign land, and brings him to Hittite land, he shall pay 12 shekels silver. All convicted persons pledge their estate as security. | ANET 190 |
Mosaic | Kidnappers shall be killed. | Ex 21:16, Dt 24:7 |
THEFT: A thief who cannot make the required restitution:
Ham 8 | ... is killed. | ANET 166 |
Hit | Any such person forfeits his estate. Note: Hittite law requires a man to pledge his estate as security for most major fines. |
ANET 189-196 |
Mosaic | ... is sold. | Ex 22:3 |
INJURY
INJURY: If a man strikes one of equal status:
Esh 42 | A man slapping another in the face shall pay him 10 shekels silver. | ANET 163 |
Ham 203, 204 |
He is fined according to his rank: 1 mina silver for aristocrats, 10 shekels silver for commoners. | ANET 175 |
Mosaic | not mentioned unless injury results. | ANET |
INJURY: If a man strikes one of higher status:
Ham 202 | He shall be publicly beaten 60 times with an oxtail whip. | ANET 175 |
Ham 205 | A slave who strikes an aristocrat shall lose one ear. | ANET 175 |
INJURY: If a son strikes his father:
Ham 195 | His hand shall be cut off. | ANET 175 |
Mosaic | (or mother) he shall be killed. | Ex 21:15 |
INJURIES: Specific:
Esh 42 | A man destroying the eye of a man shall pay one-half mina silver. A man knocking another's tooth shall pay one-half mina silver. |
ANET 163 |
Ham 196 | A man destroying the eye of an aristocrat shall lose his eye. | ANET 175 |
Ham 197 | A man breaking another's bone shall have his bone broken. | ANET 175 |
Ham 198 | A man destroying the eye of a commoner or breaking a commoner's bone shall pay 1 mina silver. | ANET 175 |
Ham 199 | A man destroying the eye of a slave or breaking a slave's bone shall pay the slave's master one-half his value. | ANET 175 |
Ham 200 | A man knocking out another's tooth shall pay lose his tooth. | ANET 175 |
Ham 201 | A man knocking out a commoner's tooth shall pay one-third mina silver. | ANET 175 |
Hit 7 | A man blinding a free man or knocking out his teeth shall pay 20 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. (Revised) If it is only 2 or 3 teeth, he shall pay 12 shekels. |
ANET 189 |
Hit 8 | A man blinding a slave or knocking out his teeth shall pay the slave's master 10 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. (Revised) If it is only 2 or 3 teeth, he shall pay 6 shekels. Note: Hittite law elaborates to cover injuries to various body parts with respective fines. This is complicated further by unequal punishments imposed on free men and slaves. |
ANET 189 |
Hit 11 | If anyone breaks a free man's hand or foot, he shall pay 20 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. (revised) If the injured man is not permanently crippled - 10 shekels. |
ANET 189 |
Hit 12 | If anyone breaks a slave's hand or foot, he shall pay 10 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. (revised) If the slave is not permanently crippled - 5 shekels. |
ANET 189 |
Mosaic | Eye for eys, hand for hand, tooth for tooth, etc. Note: This listing of specifics implies a general principle of equity between crime and punishment, without regard to social status. Counterparts in Hammurabi imply such a principle only between those of equal status. |
Ex 21:24-25, Lev 24:19-20, Dt 19:21 |
INJURIES: Specific: Destroying an eye or tooth of one's own slave:
Mosaic | The man who does so must free that slave. Note: |
Ex 21:26-27 |
No parallel.
INJURIES: If a man injures another during a fight:
Esh 44-45 |
A man who breaks anothers arm or leg shall pay one-half mina silver. | ANET 163 |
Ham 206 | The injurer shall pay the physician. | ANET 175 |
Mosaic | The injurer shall pay the physician, and compensate for lost time. | Ex 21:18-19 |
INJURIES: If a man injures another, causing him to lose working time and to require a physician:
Hit 10 | The injurer shall take care of the man, give him a servant to take care of his house, pay his physician, and pay him 6 shekels silver upon recovery. (revised) 10 shekels silver upon recovery (2 shekels for a slave). |
ANET 189 |
INJURIES: Specific: If a woman injures a man's testicle in a brawl:
Assyrian A8 | The woman shall lose a finger for damaging one. For damaging both, she shall lose both of something of her own. (probably her eyes) | ANET 181 |
Mosaic | She shall lose her hand. | Dt 25:11-12 |
INJURY: If a man rents an animal, and it is injured:
Lip Isht 35 |
If a man rents an ox and damages its eye, he shall pay one-half its price. | ANET 161 |
Lip Isht 35 |
If a man rents an ox and breaks its horn, he shall pay one-fourth its price. | ANET 161 |
Lip Isht 35 |
If a man rents an ox and damages its tail, he shall pay one-fourth its price. | ANET 161 |
Ham 244 | If a lion kills a rented ox or ass, and it is witnessed, the renter is not liable. | ANET 176 |
Ham 245 | If a man rents an ox and causes its death thru carelessness or beating, the renter shall pay ox for ox. | ANET 176 |
Ham 246 | If a rented ox has broken its foot or cut its neck tendon, the renter shall pay ox for ox. | ANET 176 |
Ham 247 | If a man destroys the eye of a rented ox, he shall pay the owner one-half its value. | ANET 176 |
Ham 248 | If a man rents an ox and and breaks its horn, cuts off its tail, or injures the flesh of its back, he shall pay one-fourth its value. | ANET 176 |
Ham 249 | If a rented ox is destroyed by a god, the renter shall so swear by god and go free. | ANET 176 |
Hit 74 | If a man breaks the horn or foot of an ox, he shall keep the injured ox and repay a sound ox. If the owner wants his own ox, the injurer shall pay 2 shekels silver. | ANET 192 |
Hit 75 | If a renter yokes an ox, horse, mule, or ass, and it dies, or a wolf kills it, or it is lost, then the renter shall pay for it. If the renter swears, it died by the hand of a god, he shall not be liable. |
ANET 192 |
Hit 77a | If a man causes a cow or mare to miscarry, he shall pay the owner 2 shekels silver. | ANET 192 |
Hit 77b | If anyone blinds the eye of an ox or horse, he shall pay the owner 6 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. | ANET 192 |
Hit 78 | If a man rents an ox and whips it, he shall pay the owner 1 parisu of grain. | ANET 192 |
Mosaic | If there are no witnesses, the renter shall pay for it. | Ex 22:10-14 |
Mosaic | If the owner was with it, the renter is not liable. | Ex 22:15 |
INJURY resulting in death
INJURY + DEATH: If a man injures a woman causing her to miscarry:
Ham 209 | The injurer shall pay 10 shekels for a seignior's daughter. | ANET 175 |
Ham 211 | The injurer shall pay 5 shekels for a commoner's daughter. | ANET 175 |
Ham 213 | The injurer shall pay 2 shekels for a slave woman. | ANET 175 |
Hit 17 | If she is a free woman, he shall pay 5 shekels silver, and pledge his estate as security. (revised) 20 shekels silver. |
ANET 190 |
Hit 18 | If she is a slave woman, he shall pay 5 shekels silver. (revised) 10 shekels silver. |
ANET 190 |
Assyrian A21 | If she is supported by her father, the injurer shall pay him 2 talents, 30 minas of lead. He shall be flogged with staves 50 times, and do the work of the king 1 month. | ANET 181 |
Assyrian A50 | If she is supported by her husband, they shall cause the injurer's wife to miscarry; but if the husband had no son, they shall kill the injurer (even if the fetus was a girl). | ANET 184 |
Assyrian A52 | If she is a harlot, they shall inflict blow for blow upon him. He shall compensate with a life. | ANET 185 |
Mosaic | He shall pay the womans husband as the judges determine. Note: This law covers accident as well as malicious intent. |
Ex 21:22 |
INJURY + DEATH: If a man causes miscarriage plus the death of the woman:
Ham 210 | For a seignior's daughter, the injurer's daughter shall be killed. | ANET 175 |
Ham 212 | For a commoner's daughter, the injurer shall pay him one-half mina silver. | ANET 175 |
Ham 214 | For a slave woman, the injurer shall pay her owner one-third mina silver. | ANET 175 |
Assyrian A50 | The injurer shall be killed. | ANET 184 |
Mosaic | If a fatal accident occurs, the injurer shall pay life for life. Note: But whose life? His own, his wife, his child, his servant? |
Ex 21:23 |
INJURY + DEATH: If a man kills another by accident:
Esh 48 | The king decides the fate of the killer. | ANET 163 |
Ham 207 | The killer of an aristocrat may swear, "I did not strike him deliberately,", and pay one-half mina silver. | ANET 175 |
Ham 208 | The killer of a commoner may swear the same, and pay one-third mina. | ANET 175 |
Hit 3 | The killer of a free man shall give 2 persons, and pledge his estate as security. Note: Not to be killed, but as slaves of the berieved. The killer of a free woman shall give X minas silver. |
ANET 189 |
Hit 4 | The killer of a slave shall pay 1 slave, and pledge his estate as security. The killer of a slave woman shall pay 2 minas silver. |
ANET 189 |
Hit 174 | If in a brawl, the killer shall pay 1 person. | ANET 195 |
Mosaic | If a man strikes a man so that he dies, the striker shall be killed. | Ex 21:12 |
Mosaic | But if the killer flees to a city of refuge, the avenger of blood may not kill him. | Ex 21:13 |
INJURY + DEATH: If a man kills another deliberately:
Ham 1 | implies that he shall be killed. | ANET 166 |
Hit 1 | He shall pay 4 persons for a free man. | ANET 189 |
Hit 2 | He shall pay 2 persons for a slave. | ANET 189 |
Assyrian A10 | If a man enters anothers house to commit murder, the next of kin may have him executed or confiscate his estate. | ANET 181 |
Mosaic | The avenger of blood may kill a willful murderer. A murderer has no place of refuge. | Ex 21:14 |
GORING OXEN
GORING OXEN: If an ox (with no reputation for goring) gores a person to death:
Ham 250 | If the ox is walking along the street, no case. | ANET 176 |
Mosaic | The ox shall be stoned. The owner shall go free. | Ex 21:28 |
GORING OXEN: If an ox (with no reputation for goring) gores an ox to death:
Esh 53 | Both ox owners shall divide the price of the live ox and the meat of the dead ox. | ANET 163 |
Mosaic | The owner of the live ox shall sell it. The 2 owners shall divide the money and devide the dead ox. | Ex 21:35 |
GORING OXEN: If an ox (with a reputation for goring) gores a person to death, and the owner was warned, and failed to take adequate precautions:
Esh 54 | If the ox kills a free man, the owner shall pay two-thirds mina silver. | ANET 163 |
Esh 55 | If the ox kills a slave, the owner shall pay 15 shekels silver. | ANET 163 |
Ham 251 | If the ox kills an aristocrat, the owner shall pay one-half mina silver. | ANET 176 |
Ham 252 | If the ox kills a slave, the owner shall pay one-third mina silver. | ANET 176 |
Mosaic | The ox and its owner shall be killed. | Ex 21:29 |
Mosaic | The next of kin may spare the owner of the ox, and lay a fine on him. | Ex 21:30 |
GORING OXEN: If an ox (with a reputation for goring) gores an ox to death, and the owner was warned, and failed to take adequate precautions:
Mosaic | The owners trade oxen. | Ex 21:36 |
No parallel.
DIVORCE
Esh 56 | If a wife has born children, and a husband divorces her and remarries, he will forfeit his house and property. | ANET 163 |
Ham 137 | If she has children, the husband must return her dowry and give her half his property. After her children have grown and left, the city council may grant her a portion of their inheritance and property, so that she may attract a new husband. | ANET 172 |
Ham 138 | If she has no children, the husband must return her marriage price and dowry. | ANET 172 |
Ham 139 | If there was no marriage price, the husband shall pay her 1 mina silver. | ANET 172 |
Ham 140 | If the husband is a peasant, he shall pay her one-third mina silver. | ANET 172 |
Ham 141 | If the wife of a seignior wants to leave, the judges shal determine whether or not she gets anything. The husband may choose not to let her go, and may take a concubine. | ANET 172 |
Ham 142 | If the wife refuses sex to her husband, the city council may judge, and if she is found justified, she may take her dowry and return to her father's house. | ANET 172 |
Ham 143 | If not found justified, she may be forced to the river ordeal. | ANET 172 |
Assyrian A37 | A man may divorce his wife and send her out of his house with nothing. | ANET 183 |
Assyrian A38 | If a wife lives with her father, her husband may divorce her and take back what he has given her, but may not recover the marriage-price. | ANET 183 |
Mosaic | Forbidden unless the wife was not virgin when married. | Dt 22:13-19, 29 |
DIVORCE: because he found her not a virgin:
Mosaic | He writes her a bill of divorce, and sends her out of his house. If she remarries, and is divorced again, the first husband may not remarry her. | Lev 21:7 Dt 24:1-2 |
Mosaic | ... or he can just have her stoned. | Dt 22:21 |
SEXUAL ABERATIONS
ADULTERY: If a man has another's wife:
Ham 129 | Both shall be bound and thrown into the river (to drown). If the husband wants to spare his wife, then the king may spare the adulterer. | ANET 171 |
Assyrian A13 | If she has gone to his house, both shall be killed. | ANET 181 |
Assyrian A14 | If a man has a woman whom he knows to be another's wife, in a temple brothel or in the street, they shall treat the adulterer as the husband orders his wife to be treated; but if the adulterer didn't know she was married, he is guiltless, and the husband may prosecute his wife. | ANET 181 |
Assyrian A15 | If a husband catches a man with his wife, the husband may have them both killed; but if the husband is lenient on his wife, the judges shall be lenient on the adulterer. | ANET 181 |
Assyrian A16 | If a wife invites a man to adultery, the man is guiltless. | ANET 181 |
Hit 197 | A man catching his wife with another may kill them both himself. | ANET 196 |
Hit 198 | The husband may have them both executed by the king. If the husband spares the wife, the king shall spare the adulterer, but mark his head. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Dt 22:22 Lev 20:10 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his brother's wife:
Hit 195 | If the brother is alive, the adulterer shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | It is an unclean thing. They shall be cursed with childlessness, but no punishment is specified. | Lev 20:21 |
ADULTERY: If a man has another's betrothed:
Ham 130 | If a man has a betrothed virgin, still living in her fathers house, then the man shall be killed; the woman shall go free. | ANET 171 |
Mosaic | If a man has a betrothed virgin inside the city, and she doesn't scream, both shall be killed. | Dt 22:23 |
Mosaic | If the betrothed woman is a bondmaid, she shall be scourged. | Lev 19:20-21 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his mother:
Ham 157 | Both shall be burned. | ANET 172 |
Hit 189 | The man shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | Prescribes no punishment, but indicates that the souls of those who do it will be cut off from their people, and nations that allow it will be destroyed. | Lev 18:7-29 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his foster mother:
Ham 158 | If she has born other children, the man shall be disinherited. (if the adultery was committed after the father/husband has died) |
ANET 172 |
Hit 190 | For a stepmother - no punishment, unless his father is living. Then the man shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Lev 20:11 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his mother-in-law:
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Lev 20:14 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his daughter:
Ham 154 | The man must leave his city. | ANET 172 |
Hit 189 | The man shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | Not covered. | Lev 20:11 |
ADULTERY: If a man has his daughter-in-law:
Ham 155 | If a father chooses a bride for his son, and the son has her, and then the father has her, the father shall be bound and then thrown in the river. | ANET 172 |
Ham 156 | If the father has her before his son, the father shall pay her one-half mina silver and return her dowry. | ANET 172 |
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Lev 20:12 |
ADULTERY: If a man accuses his wife of adultery:
Ham 131 | The wife shall swear by a god (Marduk?) and return to her house. | ANET 171 |
Mosaic | The wife shall go thru the ordeal of drinking water with tabernacle floor dust in it. If she gets a groin disease, she is guilty. | Num 5:11-31 |
ADULTERY: If a man accuses another's wife of adultery:
Ham 132 | The wife shall submit to the river ordeal: If she drowns, she was guilty; if she lives, she is innocent. | ANET 171 |
Assyrian A17 | Same. | ANET 181 |
RAPE: in general:
Hit 197 | If done in the mountains, the man shall be killed. If done in a house, the woman shall be killed. (literal interpretation) |
ANET 196 |
Note: Probably means that if a man rapes a woman in a location where her scream cannot be heard, then her testimony is enough to convict him. If she is raped and screams, and witnesses testify to same, then regardless of whether or not it happened in a house, the man shall die. If however, a woman accuses a man of raping her in a location where her scream would have been heard, and no witnesses testify to hearing her scream, then the woman is a liar, and shall suffer the same punishment which the accused would have gotten. |
RAPE: of a betrothed woman:
Esh 26 | The rapist shall be killed. | ANET 162 |
Mosaic | If it is done in a city, both shall be stoned. | Dt 22:23-24 |
Mosaic | If it is done in a field, the man shall be killed; the girl shall go free. | Dt 22:25 |
Note: Probably this means that if a woman accuses a man of raping her in a location where her scream would have been heard, and no witnesses testify to hearing her scream, then the woman is a liar, and the case is adultery. If however, she accuses him of raping her in a location where her scream would not have been heard, then her testimony is enough to convict him. |
RAPE: of a married woman:
Hit 197 | See adultery: If a man has another's wife. If a husband finds them, he may kill them both. |
ANET 196 |
Hit 198 | The husband may turn them over to the king for execution, or any other punishment the husband decides on. But the king may lessen the husbands judgment. If the husband spares the wife, the king shall spare the rapist, but mark his head. | ANET 196 |
Note: Little distinction is made between rape and adultery. The wording implies equal judgment on both parties. But since the king was above the law, he may judge as he pleased. |
Assyrian | (Laws contradict.) A12: If the act was witnessed, the man shall be killed.
A16b: The punishment of the rapist shall not exceed what is prescribed for the wife. |
ANET 181 |
Mosaic | Same as rape a betrothed woman above. | Dt 22:23-25 |
RAPE: of an unbetrothed virgin:
Assyrian A55 | The father of the girl may take the wife of the rapist, and give her to be raped (or rape her himself). The father shall not return the rapists wife to her husband. If the rapist is unmarried, he shall give the marriage price of the virgin plus one-third. The father may give his daughter to whomever he wishes. | ANET 185 |
Mosaic | Makes no distinction between rape and fornication in the case of an unbetrothed virgin. See below. | - |
FORNICATION: with a virgin:
Esh 31 | A man who defowers a virgin slave shall give her owner one-third minna silver. She ramains her owners property. | ANET 162 |
Assyrian A56 | If the virgin invited him, the fornicator may swear to same, and they shall not touch his wife. He shall still give the marriage price plus one-third. The father may do as he wishes to his daughter. | ANET 185 |
Mosaic | The man must give her father 50 shekels silver, and marry her. He may never divorce her. | Dt 22:28-29 |
Mosaic | If her father refuses to give her to him, the fornicator still forfeits the 50 shekels. | Ex 22:17 |
HOMOSEXUALITY: (of men):
Hit 189 | A man who violates his son shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Assyrian A20 | The dominant party shall have the same act done to him, and then be castrated. | ANET 181 |
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Lev 20:13 |
SEX WITH ANIMALS:
Hit 187, 188 |
In the case of cattle or sheep, the man shall be killed. | ANET 196 |
Hit 199 | The above law is expanded to include pigs and dogs. | ANET 196 |
Hit 200 | In the case of a horse or mule there shall be no punishment. Note: Apparently size matters. |
ANET 197 |
Mosaic | Both shall be killed. | Lev 20:13, 15 |
Note: Hammurabic Code contains no laws on sexual immorality beyond adultery. It is hard to believe Babylon had no such laws, especially concerning rape. Possibly Hammurabi chose not to dirty his stele with anything that might embarass him at parties. |
MISCELLANEOUS
If a debtor sells his daughter into slavery:
Ham 117 | Whether wife, son, or daughter, she shall work 3 years. | ANET 170 |
Mosaic | She shall not serve as a slave past the sabbatical year. | Ex 21:2 |
Mosaic | Her master may marry her or let her be redeemed for money. He may not sell her to a foreign nation. | Ex 21:8 |
Carrying on a brother's family:
Hit 193 | If a man dies, his widow shall marry his brother, then his father, then his brother's son in that order. There is no punishment for refusing to marry the widow. | ANET 196 |
Mosaic | If brothers dwell together and one dies, having no child, his brother shall marry the widow. | Dt 25:5 |
Mosaic | Their firstborn shall take the name of the deceased. Note: and also probably the inheritance of the deceased. |
Dt 25:6 |
Mosaic | A man may shirk this duty, but he who does so is dishonored. | Dt 25:7 |
Arson:
Hit 98 | If a free man, he shall rebuild and replace whatever is destroyed. | ANET 193 |
Hit 99 | If a slave, he shall have his nose and ears cut off. His master must recompense, or forfeit the slave. | ANET 193 |
Hit 106 | He who started a fire which burned anothers bearing field shall trade an equal field for the burnt one. | ANET 193 |
Mosaic | He who started a fire shall repay what is destroyed. | Ex 22:6 |
Sorcerers:
Assyrian A47 | Shall be killed. | ANET 184 |
Mosaic | Shall be killed. | Ex 22:18, Lev 20:7, 27 |
A person charged with sorcery:
Ham 2 | Shall throw himself into the river. If he drowns, his accuser gets his estate. If he lives, he gets his accuser's estate. | ANET 166 |
A child who curses one or both parents:
Mosaic | Shall be killed. | Ex 21:17, Lev 20:9 |
No parallel.