Data for the 2nd Intermediate Period is more contradictory than most Egyptian history.

c.1786

2nd Intermediate Period begins until 1550. 13th Dynasty begins until 1650, capital at Memphis until 1674.  Consists of 65 or more kings who ruled in Memphis, Itj-Towy, and other places.

1786 CAH 2.1, ISBE 2-40, JIAE, MRDK, lveg     1785 Grim     1784 pic     1783 ae, resh, tig 1782 Clay, Murn     1781 DMoN 1773 phou, Shaw 1750 SHWC 21

c.1786

Rival 14th Dynasty begins at Xois (aka Sais) until 1650.  About 76 unrelated kings.

1786 CAH 2.1, lveg, resh, tig 1773 phou, resh, Shaw 1720 pic

c.1783

WEGAF becomes 1st king of 13th Dyn until ?.

1784 pic     1783 treg, Clay no date: phou, Shaw

c.1782

SEBEKHOTEP-I, son of Amenhemhat-IV, becomes 1st king of 13th Dyn at Memphis until ?.

1783 ae     1781 DMoN no date, but definitely 1st: CAH 2.1, GEoP 151

The contradictory data above illustrates the futility of even trying to fill in the rest of the 13th & 14th Dynasties.

c. 1750	HYKSOS, in Egypt from 1800, become numerous enough under chief TIMAIOS to assert dominance in the Delta by force without a battle.  (Or possibly this was a new invasion from the Levant.)	1786 JIAE, MRDK, resh, tig 1773 Shaw, phou 1720 IDB 2-47 1700 FLAP 85   1680 TTPC 1675 BHoE 214 1674 B76 V-249 1670 Sdl 1-24 1660 RAI2 221
	SUTEKH is the Hyskos god, possibly an Egyptianism of some Baal, possibly an older form of Seth (Set).
	HORSEV & CHARIOT introduced to Egypt by Hyksos.

c.1750

A HORSE is given an honored burial at Buhen.

1750 PAE 142

c. 1750

Tomb of NEFERHOTEP (not to be confused with Neferhotep-I below, or TT49), scribe during 13th (Memphite) dyn.  Earliest tomb group with a rishi coffin.  Contained a walking stick, a head rest, a faïence hippopotamus, wooden pieces of the Hounds and Jackals game, a mace, writing implements, a wooden tray for a mirror, two calcite vessels, a magical wand, a double scarab, and Papyrus  Boulaq 18 , an account of life in the Theban palace.  Lists palace officials and daily rations received.  Officials mentioned include vizier Ankhu, and queen Aya.

1750 wikN, wikPB18

c.1730

NEFERHOTEP-I dies.  (not to be confused with Neferhotep the scribe above), 22nd-27th pharaoh for 11 or 12 years in 13th dyn at Memphis.  Burial place unknown.  Bro SOBEKHOTEP-IV succeeds.

1740 de, pic 1730 Clay, Grim, Murn, tig     1713 resh 1686 treg

c.1725

HYKSOS, dominant in delta from 1750, take AVARIS, make it their capital until 1550.

1786 JIAE, MRDK, resh, tig 1773 Shaw, phou   1730 IDB 2-667 1730-20 Grim 185   1720 B76 6-470, WPOT 39, pic     1600 RAI2 197

c.1700

Λ MATH V :  Egyptians convert common fractions into a series of decreasing unit fractions:  e.g.  ¾ is written as ½ + ¼.   ⅞ is written as ½ + ¼ + ⅛.  Egyptian math is less advanced than contemporary Sumero-Akkadian math.   (See YBC7289 1600, China 950 )

1700 IDB 3-561

c.1684

JACOB dies in Egypt.

1879 Sdl 2-91     1860 htc     1859 CBCOT 1858 bivu     1711 trubi     1684 btl

c.1674	MEMPHIS, capital of 13th Dynasty from 1786, taken by SALITIS, king of Hyksos at Avaris.	1674 B76 V-249, 6-471, ISBE 2-40, WPOT 87, bk, nar, resh 1663 Clay, Murn 1650 Shaw
	13th Dynasty 1786-1550 & capital of Egypt moves south to THEBES until 1390.

c.1674

15th (Hyksos) DYNASTY begins until 1550.  Worships SUTEKH (Seth) & ANATH.

1730 IDB 2-667 1674 JIAE, MRDK, resh, wikP 1668 pic     1663 Clay, Murn, tig 1655 Jud 8-1141 1650 DMoN, Shaw, phou   1640 ae

c.1663

KHYAN becomes king of Hyksos until 1625.

1663 CAH 2.1-143

c.1663

13th Dynasty at Thebes from 1674, disappears from written records.

1663 Grim 185

c.1660

ABYDOS, under a separate and unnumbered Egyptian Dynasty, conquered by Hyksos.

20 yrs after Hyksos invade: ae 20 yrs after Abydos independent: ae

c. 1650 c. 1650

Λ MATH V:   Rhind Papyrus copied by scribe Ahmes from a source in the Middle Kingdom, contains 85 math problems in Hieratic script.  Instruction manual for students in arithmetic and geometry.  Shows sophisticated knowledge of fractions and the beginning of algebra where the quantity of things in a "heap" is determined."  Egyptian math shows no advancement for 1,000 years afterward, and is less advanced than contemporary Sumero-Akkadian math. (See multiplication 1775, YBC7289 1600, China 950) GEOMETRY V:  Geometric understanding shows a lack of distinction between exactness and approximation." Pi is approximated at 3⅙.   (See Plimpton 1800)

{{PD-US}} by 1700 B76 11-640 1650 BHM 11, EIHM 39, IDB 3-561 1650-01 TTS, wikHM 1600 mxfld

c.1650

13th DYNASTY ends.   Existed from 1786, at Thebes from 1674.

1674 MRDK     1668 pic 1650 Clay, DMoN, Murn, phou post-1650 Shaw   1640 ae, resh, tig     1633 CAH 2.1, JIAE, Grim

c.1650

14th DYNASTY ends.   At Xois (aka Sais) from 1786. Absorbed by 15th (Hyksos) Dynasty 1720-1550.

1700 CWH     1680 WCBOT   1690 wikP 1665 pic     1650 DMoN, Shaw, phou 1640 ae     1633 Grim     1603 CAH 2.1, JIAE, MRDK, resh, tig     1590 nar

c.1650	Manetho's 16th DYNASTY begins at Thebes until 1567. Africanus calls it Hyksos;  Eusebius calls it Theban.	1684 CAH 2.1, JIAE, resh     1665 pic 1663 Clay, tig     1650 Shaw, phou 1640 ae     1620 nar
		Dyn 16 is fictitious: GEoP 159, 172

c.1650

17th DYNASTY begins at Thebes until 1550.   It controls little more than the area around Thebes.

1668 pic     1663 Clay, Murn, tig, wikP 1650 B76 6-471, CAH 2.1, JIAE, resh, wikP     1619 nar     1610 Sdl 2-74 1600 lveg    1580 Shaw, phou    1571 ae

c.1650

RAHOTEP ascends as king of 17th Dyn at Thebes until 1576.

1663 pic     1650 GEoP, wikP     1616 nar 1580 friM     1571 ae     no date: Shaw, ktut, treg     omit Clay, JIAE, Murn, tig

c.1628

Mediterranean coast flooded with saltwater caused by seawaves caused by volcano at THERA.   Causes famine.

1470 TTPC 1300 Sdl 1-169

c.1625

KHYAN king of Hyksos from 1663, ends.

1625 CAH 2.1-143

c.1600

Middle Egyptian Language Period from 2200, ends as general language, but continues as a literary language. Late (Neo) Egyptian Language Period begins until 700.

1600 B76 8-595

c.1600

A   Λ Medical V text  contains 700 prescriptions, 100 of which include Λ BEER V.  Brewers use balsam, hay, dandelion, mint, wormwood seeds, horehound juice, crab claws & oyster shells for flavor.   (See Ninkasi 1800)

1600 brhst, drbr, skthr

c.1567

Manetho's 16th DYNASTY ends.   At Thebes from 1650.

1567 CAH 2.1

c.1566

SOBEKEMSAF-II becomes king of Thebes (17th Dyn) until 1559.

1610 pic     1566 ktut, friM, nar     1557 ae

c.1559

SOBEKEMSAF-II ends.  King of Thebes (17th Dyn) from 1566.   TAO-I SEAKHTENRE succeeds until 1558.

1663 Clay     1650 Shaw 1601 pic     1559 ktut, friM, nar 1550 ae     1548 nar

c.1558

TAO-I SEAKHTENRE ends.  King of Thebes (17th Dyn) from 1559.   Son TAO-II SEKENENRE succeeds until 1554.

1591 pic     1558 DMoN, ktut, friM, wikP    1545 nar

c.1555

HYKSOS domination peaks in reign of Aauserra Apepi.

1555 Shaw 180

c.1554

TAO-II SEKENENRE killed.  Son of Tao-I, king of Thebes (17th Dyn) from 1558, killed, aparently in battle with Hyksos king Ipepi.   Son? KAMOSE succeeds until 1550.

1590 MCAW 28     1576 pic 1554 ktut, friM, wikP 1553 DMoN     1545 ae 1540 nar

c.1550

KAMOSE, king of Thebes 1554-50, resumes war with Hyksos.  Pushes them out of Theban territory.

1580 MCAW 28     1570 Sdl 2-105 yr 3 DMoN 74, Shaw 199 1567 mxfld

c.1550

GLASS V:  1st useful glass objects made in Egypt.  Metal rods are attached to silica paste cores, which are dipped repeatedly into molten glass to produce small bottles.  Cores are then removed.  Glass indusrty continues strong until 1200.   (See Mesopotamia 1550)

1550 glslk 1500 asgs, txgls

Data for the end of the 2nd Intermediate Period is contradictory.  I have arbitrarily assigned a date of 1550 to it all.  1570 is equally plausible.

c. 1550	Son of Tao-II, KAMOSE dies leaving no heir.  Last pharaoh of 17th Dyn from 1554, 17th DYNASTY ends.   At Thebes from 1650.	1580 BHoE 225, RAH 73, RAI2     1576 RAI3 1575 CWH, GEoP 443, Sag   1570 B76 17-934, Clay, JIAE, Murn, Sdl 2-74, pic, resh, scar, tig     1570, 60, or 51 Grim 193 1558 SHWC 22     1550 CVK, Shaw, ktut, phou, wikP     1549 DMoN     1540 ae     1539 treg     1534 nar
	Noble of Upper Egypt, AHMOSE succeeds to 1546.

c.1550

HYKSOS, dominant in delta from 1750, at Avaris from 1720, expelled from Egypt by Ahmose.

1580 BHoE, DHJ 64, RAI2 221     1570 B76 6-470, FLAP 107, IDB 2-247, Jud 8-1141, Sdl 1-24, WPOT 224, bk     1567 CAH 2.1-64, ISBE 2-40, TAWH 16, WPOT 88     1565 IDB 1-584     1560 B76 18-261, wikHk     1550 SOTS 44 Ahmose yr 22 Shaw 172     1540-30 AYGC 57

c.1550	2nd INTERMEDIATE PERIOD ends.  Began 1786.	1580 BHoE, RAH 72, SHWC 21     1575 GEoP, ISBE 2-40 1570 B76 17-934, Clay, FLAP, IDB 2-243, Murn, PW 15, Sdl 1-24, TTPC, resh, tig 1567 B76 11-896, JIAE, WPOT     1552 FHBC 218, Grim     1550 Shaw, ktut, phou, pic, wikP 1546 SOTS 44, WERE     1540 ae     1534 nar
	NEW KINGDOM begins until 1070.

c.1550

18th DYNASTY begins until 1293. Located at Thebes until 1390.

1580 RAI2, BHoE 225     1576 RAI3 1575 Sag, GEoP 443, CWH 1570 B76 17-934, Clay, lveg, pic 1567 CAH 2.1, JIAE     1552 Grim, MRDK 1550 CVK, Shaw     1540 ae     1534 nar