 |
| c.200 | Philocles, officer of Philip-V, sent from Caria to Attica, ravages country, tries to take Eleusis. | 200 DGRBM 3-300 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, in Ionia blockaded in Bargylia Caria by ATTALUS-I of Pergamum and Rhodians from 201, breaks out into the Aegean, sails for Macedonia, chased by Attalus and Rhodians who stop short at Aegina island | 201 BHS 2-33, LdHR 2-18 200 CAH 8-161, DGRBM 3-283, SORH |
| c.200 | CRETAN WAR between Philip-V and Rhodes from 205, ends. Philip has lost enough in several battles to give up. | 200 wikCW |
| c.200 | ATTALUS-I, ruler of Pergamum 241-197, king 230, and some Rhodians, invited by Athenians, go to the Piraeus, meet the Roman embassy, agree on a common line of approach to the Athenians. They all go to Athens together and are greeted with enthusiasm. Attalus, and Rhodians promise to help Athenians throw off Macedonian yoke. | 201 LdHR 2-18 200 CAH 8-258, DGRBM 1-410, GHH |
| c.200 | Bands of Acarnanians overrun Attica with impunity. | 200 HRRP 2-18 |
| c.200 | Athens declares war on Philip-V. | 200 CAH 8-258, atl3 |
| c.200 | Achaeans try to mediate between Philip-V and Rhodes, while remaining neutral. | 200 SORH |
| c.200 | ISOCRATES, eponymous archon of Athens from 201, ends. NIKOPHON succeeds until 199. | 200 wikEA |
| c.200 | MARONIA Thrace, under Egypt from 240, comes under Macedonia until 197. | 200 rcSB2 |
| c.200 | NICANOR, general of Philip-V, invades Attica, penetrates as far as the Academy, supports Acarnanians in attack on Athens. Attica is devastated. Roman embassy presents the senatus consultum to Nicanor. Nicanor withdraws. | 201 CCDC 104, atl3 200 CAH 8-161, 259, DGRBM 3-283, DGRG 1-258, HRRP 2-18, atl3 |
| c.200 | Senatorial legates: C. Claudius Nero, P. Sempronius Tuditanus, M. Aemilius Lepidus, in Greece from 201/0, sail east, announce their senatus consultum in Aegean islands. | 200 BHS 2-35, CAH 8-162 |
| c.200 May | PHILOPOEMEN strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 201, ends. CYCLIADAS (partisan of Philip-V) succeeds until May 199. | 200 DGRBM 1-908, 3-319, atl3 |
| c.200 | PHILOPOEMEN, in Greece from 210, returns to Crete, and doesn't return to Peloponnese until 194. | 200 DGRBM 3-319 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, learns of Roman ultimatim to stop attacking Greeks. Turns attention to Thrace. | 200 B76 8-384, CAH 8-163, 259, DGRBM 3-283 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, goes to Thrace. | 200 July CAH 8, spring DGRBM 3-283 |
| c.200 | MARONIA Thrace taken by Philip-V. | 200 DGRG 2-278 |
| c.200 | ELAEUS in Thracian Chereonese, surrenders voluntarily to Philip-V. Under him until 190. | 200 DGRG 1-809 |
| c.200 | AENOS Thrace betrayed by its governor Ganymedes to Philip-V. | 200 DGRBM 2-230 |
| c.200 | Thracian coast, Ptolemaic from ?, siezed by PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179. Maronia, Cypsela, Aenos, Chersonese all taken. Philip crosses straits to the Troad. | 200 BHS 2-33, CAH 8-163, 254, 259, DGRBM 3-283, SORH |
| c.200 | ABRUPOLIS becomes king of the Sapeans in Thrace until 172. | 200 wikOK |
| c.200 | ODESSA, republic from 500, comes under Scythians until 107. | 200 rcU |
| c.200 | CYRETIAE Perraebia plundered by Aetolians. | 200 July DGRG 1-736 |
| c.200 | Rome/Macedonia, at peace from 205, 2nd MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME begins until 196. Roman coalition includes Pergamum and Rhodes. Aetolians remain neutral until 197. | 200 B76 I-634, VI-442, 15-1093, CDCC 52, DGRBM, DGRG 1-66, Dur 2-556, 3-20, GHH, LEWH 92, MCAW, OCD 928, OHG, SORH, bk, frH, lvG, wik2MW |
| c.200 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, general & philhelene, crosses Adriatic against Macedonia. | 200 Dur 3-85 |
| c.200 | P. SULPICIUS GALBA, with 2 legions (25,000 men), sails from Rome to Illyria, camps between Apollonia and Dyrrhachium, sends lieutenant L. APUSTIUS to ravage borders of Macedonia, sends C. Claudius Centho with 1,000 men in 20 ships to relieve Athens. | 200 CAH 8-165, 261, DGRBM 2-204, LdHR 2-20, OCD 454, SORH, atl3, howW2M |
| c.200 | CELETRUM (Castoria), a town of the Orestiae on a lake in west Macedonia besieged and taken by consul P. Sulpicius Galba, who then returns to Dassaretia Illyria, and then regains Apollonia. | 200 DGRG 1-580 |
| c.200 | L. APUSTIUS, legate of Galba moves into west Macedonia, takes some minor Macedonian towns and forts. | 199 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | Macedonian fortresses Codrion, Corragum, Gerunium, and Orgessus taken by L. APUSTIUS. | 200 CAH 8-262, DGRG 1-641, 689 199 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | ANTIPATRIA, a city of Daretis Macedonia, taken by L. APUSTIUS, plundered, burned, all males killed. | 200 CAH 8-262, DGRG 1-641, 689 199 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | Pleuratus king of Illyria, Amynas (Amynander) of Athamania, and Bato king of the Dardanians, all arrive at the Galba's camp and offer assistance. Services of Pleuratus are declined. | 201 DGRBM 3-413 200 CAH 8-262 199 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | After fall of Abydos, PHILIP-V, now in Ionia, learns of arrival of Galba and Roman army in Illyria. | 200 CAH 8-261, DGRBM 3-283 |
| c.200 | Macedonians based at Corinth and Chalcis attack Athens. Athenians send word to Sulpicius Galba. | 200 CAH 8-262 |
| c.200 | C. Claudius CENTO with 1,000 men in 20 triremes attacks Philip-V's major fortress at Chalcis, then sails to Athens, which is besieged by Macedonians. | 200 CAH 8-261, DGRBM 1-769, 2-204, 3-283, LdHR 2-20 |
| c.200 | DAMOCRITOS becomes strategos of 2nd Aetolian League until ?. | 200 DGRBM 1-936 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 sails to Demetrias Magnesia. | 200 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | Macedonian siege of Athens raised by C. Claudius CENTO and Roman fleet. | 200 DGRBM 1-769, SORH |
| c.200 | P. SULPICIUS GALBA defeats Macedonian troops at OTTOLOBOS (probably in Perraebia), forces the pass of Bantiza. No big success, but wins Aetolian support. Galba is denied the chance for a second battle. | 200 OCD 454 199 howW2M |
| c.200 | ACARNANIA joins Philip-V against Romans. | 200 OCD 2, SORH |
| c.200 | BOEOTIA joins Philip-V against Romans. | 200 SORH |
| c.200 | Roman envoys in Greece. | 200 CAH 8 |
| c.200 | Now that Philopoemen is gone, Nabis of Sparta makes war on 2nd Achaean League. | 201 CAH 8, DGRBM 1-908 |
| c.200 | OREOS Euboea taken by C. Claudius Cento and Roman fleet. | 200 DGRG 2-492 |
| c.200 | AMYNAS (Amynander), king of Athamania, allies with Romans, assigned task of winning over Aetolia until 199. | no date: OCD 56 |
| c.200 | CHALCIS Euboea under Macedonia from 338, taken by C. Claudius Cento and Roman fleet. Sopater, Acarnanian commander of Macedonian garrison, is killed with most of his troops. Chalcis comes under Rome until 192. | 200 DGRBM 3-864, LdHR 2-21, rcSB3 198 CAH 8-266 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 leaves Heraclides in command of fleet at Demetrias Magnesia, crosses to Euboea. | 200 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, at Euboea too late to save Chalcis. He cannot dislodge C. Claudius Cento from Chalcis, so he ravages the surrounding area. | 200 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | CORINTH, under Macedonia 303-197, comes under pro-Macedonian tyrant ANDROSTHENES until 197. | 200 rcPl |
| c.200 | 145th OLYMPIC GAMES add a pancration for boys. | 200 atl3, wikAOG |
| c.200 | With Philopoemen absent, 2nd ACHAEAN LEAGUE, under Cycliadas (partisan of Philip-V) meets at Argos to consult about raising a levy against Nabis of Sparta. They ask Philip-V for help. | 200 CAH 8-262, DGRBM 1-908, wikNb |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 goes from Euboea to Argos, tries to persuade Achaean League to join him. Philip-V offers to fight the war against Nabis of Sparta for them, if the Achaeans give him troops for his garrisons in Chalcis, Oreos and Corinth. Achaeans refuse, because by his offer Philip intends to commit the League to the new war with Rome. Philip now tactlessly demands hostages to guarantee a commitment against Rome. | 200 CAH 8-262, DGRBM 1-908, LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V returns from Argos to Macedonia. | 200 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.200 | BATO chief of Dalmatians and/or Dardanians 206-176, joins P. Sulpicius Galba against Philip-V. | 200 DGRBM 1-474 |
| c.200 | P. SULPICIUS GALBA retires to Apollonia Illyria for winter. He solicits barbarian tribes to attack Macedonia. | 200 DGRBM 2-204, 3-283, OCD 454 |
| c.200 | ACANTHOS Chalcidice, under Macedonia from 379, taken and sacked by Roman fleet, comes under Pergamum until 168. | 200 DGRG 1-9, rcSB2 |
| c.200 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, claims that Rhodes and Attalus of Pergamum had attacked him first. He is not contradicted. Same 198. | 200 CAH 8-253 |
| c.200 | LARISSA Thessaly, under Macedonia 344-196, taken by Apustius. | 200 DGRG 2-127 |
| c.199 | Athens is Rome's only Greek ally. With Rome support of Amynander, king of Athamania, and of the Dardanians, Galba plans a combined assault on Macedon for 199. | 199 howW2M |
| c.199 May | CYCLIADAS (partisan of Philip-V) strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 200, ends. ???? succeeds until May 198. | 199 DGRBM 1-908, 3-319 |
| c.199 | BATO chief of Dalmatians and/or Dardanians 206-176, clashes with Macedonia to liberate Paeonia (north of Macedonia). | 199 wikLI |
| c.199 | ATTALUS-I of Pergamum helps Romans with fleet and troops in Greece. | 199 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c.199 | L. APUSTIUS, legate of Galba is detached with a fleet to go to Aegina and join Attalus, and the Rhodians and attack Philip-V's eastern possessions. | 199 LdHR 2-21 |
| c.199 | Sulpicius GALBA, advances thru the country of the Dassaretii. All towns and villages on his road surrender to him, only a few being taken by force. | 199 CAH 8, spring DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.199 | PHILIP-V and 1st son PERSEUS, move west to counter P. Sulpicius Galba, but avoid battle with him, remembering that his phalanx needs favorable terrain to do well against Roman maniples. | 199 B76 VII-889, CAH 8, LdHR 2-22 |
| c.199 | THAUMACI in Phthiotis Thessaly besieged by Philip-V. A band of Aetolians under Archidamos arrives and forces Philip-V to abandon siege. | 199 DGRBM 1-260, DGRG 2-1137 |
| c.199 | Assembly of 2nd Aetolian League decides to remain neutral in forthcoming war against Philip-V. | 199 atl2 |
| c.199 | OREOS on coast of Euboea, under Sparta from ?, taken by Roman fleet, aided by Attalus-I of Pergamum. | 199 DGRBM 1-410, atl2 |
| c.199 | Skirmishes between Philip-V and Roman army near Athacus upper Macedonia. | 199 atl2 |
| c.199 | P. Sulpicius GALBA, general in Macedonia, invades Eordaea. The hostile armies encamp a distance from each other, and fight several minor engagements, in one of which the Romans sustaine loss. A regular cavalry battle follows. The Romans are again beaten, but the Macedonians pursue carelessly, and are attacked on their flanks, and routed. Philip-V is nearly killed. | 199 DGRBM 2-204, atl2 |
| c.199 | After Eordea PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 sends a messenger to Galba to sue for a truce. Galba defers his decision till the next day, but in the night following Philip and his army secretly leave camp. Galba doesn't know what direction they went. | 199 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.199 | P. Sulpicius GALBA marches toward Pluvina in Pelagonia Macedonia, and encamps on the banks of the Osphagus. He wastes time in petty conquests. | 199 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.199 | Consul P. Villius TAPPULUS arrives in Corcyra to take over command of Roman army. | 199 DGRBM 3-975, atl2, 198 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.199 | NIKOPHON, eponymous archon of Athens from 200, ends. [?]PPOS succeeds until 198. | 199 wikEA |
| c.199 | ATHENS, encouraged by presence of Attalus, the Rhodians, and the Roman fleet, decrees all honors to Philip-V void, Philip-V and his family to be cursed in public prayers. They transfer their adulation to Attalus. | 199 LdHR 2-22 |
| c.199 | TRIBES of Athens, 13 from 224/3, decreased to 11 by subtraction of Demetrias and Antigonis, because Macedonians are no longer popular. Remain 11 for a few months, then addition of Attalis (after Attalus of Pergamum) brings it to 12 until 124/5CE. | 199 LdHR 2-22 no date: stoa |
| c.199 | Combined fleets of Attalus, Rhodians, and Apustius occupy Macedonian possessions on coasts of Euboea and Thessaly. Then Apustius retires to Corcyra, Attalus to Aegina. | 199 LdHR 2-22 |
| c.199 | P. Sulpicius GALBA retires to Apollonia for winter, hands over his army to consul P. VILLIUS TAPPULUS until 198, who arrives too late to do anything but go into winter quarters. | 199 fall CAH 8-263, DGRBM 2-204, SORH, howW2M |
| c.199 | Now that Galba's back is turned, PHILIP-V and Perseus punish the Dardanians, and quickly return to Thessaly. | 199 LdHR 2-22 |
| c.199 | Aetolians invade Thessaly. | 199 LdHR 2-22, atl2 |
| c.199 | AMYNAS (Amynander), king of Athamania, invades Thessaly. | 199 LdHR 2-22 |
| c.199 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 defeats Athamanians in Thessaly, and drives them out. | 199 LdHR 2-22, SORH |
| c.199 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 defeats Aetolians in Thessaly. | 199 SORH |
| 199/8 | ATTALUS-I of Pergamum, in Greece from 199, rushes home to deal with Antiochus-III. | 199/8 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c. 198 | At the start of 198, PHILIP-V cannot afford to let the Romans invade Macedonia again without offering more serious resistance. He takes up a strong defensive position in a gorge on the Aous River, blocking the best invasion route into Macedonia from the west. | 198 howW2M |
| c. 198 | In early spring, PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 takes up a strong position by the Aous near the pass of Antigonea Epirus, where it commands the direct route into Macedonia. | 198 DGRBM 3-284, atl2 |
| c.198 | [?]PPOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 199, ends. Successor unknown until 197. | 198 wikEA |
| c.198 | P. VILLIUS TAPPULUS makes himself unpopular with Greeks by his ruthless punishment of some states. | 198 atl2 |
| c.198 | Consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, and fleet commander Lucius cross the Adriatic to Corcyra. | 198 CAH 8-264, CDCC 674 |
| c. 198 | P. VILLIUS TAPPULUS, commander in Balkans 199-8, learns from Epirote Charops that Philip-V had occupied the Aous gorge in Epirus, a major bottleneck on the main and most convenient invasion route into Macedonia. Tappulus quickly marches up the Aous valley to a position 5 miles from Philip's, but is unable to force the pass. While Tappulus contemplates what to do, his successor T. Flamininus arrives, and takes command. | 198 spring CAH 8-264, LdHR 2-23, howW2M |
CONFUSION ALERT! Some sources say these events happened at a "gorge of Tempe" on the Aous river in Epirus. This is probably a conflation with the real gorge of Tempe on the Peneios river in Thessaly. |
| c. 198 | P. Villius TAPPULUS, commander against Macedonia from 199, relieved by consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, a known philhellene, who commands until 194. Galba and Tappulus become his legates. | 198 DGRBM 3-975, OCD 441, wik2MW 197 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.198 | Consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS declares Greece independnet. | 198 BI+N 131 |
| c.198 | Consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS demands that Philip-V withdraw all garrisons from the southern Greek cities he already held and confine himself to Macedon. | 198 wik2MW |
| c.198 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 has lost so many allies that has to hire 25,000 mercenaries. | 198 wik2MW |
| c.198 | CHAROPS, leader in Epirus, until now allied with Philip-V, helps T. Quinctius Flamininus against Philip-V by giuding 4,300 Roman troops over the heights above Philip's position at Aous gorge. | 198 LdHR 2-24, OCD 228, SORH |
| c.198 | XYNIA Thessaly, deserted from ?, plundered by Aetolians. | 198 DGRG 2-1334 |
| c.198 | T. Flamininus and Philip-V sit at the Aous 6 weeks. Epirotes offer to mediate. They negotiate. Aetolian officer Phaeneas vehemently opposes demands of Philip-V. Flamininus demands that Philip withdraw garrisons from all Greek cities, pay for past injuries, promise no future intervention. Philip walks. | 198 DGRBM 3-232, LdHR 2-24, atl2 |
| c.198 | Consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS defeats Philip-V at AOUS river, in Epirus. Philip-V loses 2,000 men, all of his baggage. | 198 B76 8-384, 15-1093, CAH 8, DGRBM 1-690, DGRG 2-352, MCAW, SORH, atl2, howBA |
| c.198 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 Expects T. Flamininus to follow at once, employs scorched-earth tactics, back thru Thessaly toward Macedonia. | 198 B76 8-384, 15-1093, CAH 8-265, DGRBM 1-690, DGRG 2-352, LdHR 2-24, MCAW, atl2, wik2MW |
| c.198 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS does not follow. His first priority is to secure his lines of communication to the west coast, which means putting diplomatic pressure on Epirus, whose territory controls critical routes across the Pindus Mountains. | 198 CAH 8-265, LdHR 2-24 |
| c.198 | PHARSALOS briefly reoccupied by Philip-V. | 198 lvG |
| c.198 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS overruns Epirus, stays there establishing good will. | 198 LdHR 2-24, SORH |
| c.198 May | ARISTAENOS becomes strategos of Achaean League until ?. | 198 DGRBM 1-288 |
| c.198 | CYCLIADAS, Achaean partisan of Philip-V, is exiled to court of Philip-V. | 198 DGRBM 1-908 |
| c.198 | EUBOEA, mostly under Macedonia, attacked by L. Quinctius FLAMININUS, Roman fleet commander, who takes Eretria and Carystos, then anchors at Cenchrae (east of Corinth) to influence the Achaean League assembly, which had met at Aegion. Euboea independent until 192. | 198 LdHR 2-25, atl2 197 rcSB3 194 DGRG 1-873 |
| c.198 | 2nd Achaean LEAGUE, part of Hellenic League from 224, independent until ?. | 198 OCD 3 |
| c.198 | Consul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS helped by Aetolians and Athamanians, marches from Epirus into Thessaly. | 198 CAH 8-265, LdHR 2-24, SORH, atl2 |
| c.198 | METROPOLIS Thessaly taken by T. Flamininus. | 198 DGRG 2-352 |
| c.198 | GOMPHI, PHECA, and other Thessalian towns taken by AMYNANDER king of Athamania, ally of Romans 200-. Amynander ravages Thessaly. | 198 DGRBM 1-154, DGRG 1-1004, OCD 56 |
| c.198 | PHALORIA Thessaly, despite its 2,000-man garrison, is captured after a siege by T. Flamininus and burnt. | 198 CAH 8-265 |
| c.198 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS repulsed at Atrax on the Peneus about ten miles southwest of Larissa Thessaly. | 198 atl2 |
| c.198 | T. FLAMININUS marches from Thessaly to Locris, occupies Anticyra in Phocis and makes it his naval yard and main provisioning port. | 198 CAH 8-265, DGRG 1-140, LdHR 2-24, wikTQF |
| c.198 | PANOPEUS Phocis taken by Romans on the 1st attack. | 198 DGRG 2-543 |
| c.198 | ELATEA Phocis, a fortress commanding the main pass from Boeotia north, under Philip-V from ?, besieged and taken by T. Flamininus. Though the town is plundered, the inhabitants are declared free, as the Roman sales pitch demanded. | 198 CAH 8-266, CAH 8-266, DGRG 1-810, LdHR 2-24 |
| c.198 | Many Greek states defect from Philip-V to Rome. Argos remains loyal to Philip-V. | 198 wik2MW |
| c.198 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 takes steps to ensure loyalty of his allies and subjects, including imprisonment of his unpopular minister Heracleides. | 199 DGRBM 2-389 198 atl2 |
| c.198 | Assembly of Achaean League under pro-Roman Aristaenos, meets at Sicyon to decide whom to side with. L. Flamininus is present, supported by Pergamese and Athenians. Reps of Philip-V are allowed to speak. Meeting takes 3 days. Reps of Dyme, Megalopolis, and Argos refuse to break ties to Philip-V, and walk out. Ultimately Aristaenos convinces all to ally with Rhodes and Pergamum, and to send envoys to senate to negotiate alliance with Rome. | 198 B76 I-56, CAH 8, CDCC 3, DGRBM 1-288, DGRG 1-16, GHH, LdHR 2-25, SORH, atl2 |
| c.198 | Assembly of Achaean League, under pro-Roman Aristaenos, induced by L. Flamininus to abandon alliance with Philip-V and make treaty with Romans including promise of support. | 198 B76 I-56, CAH 8, CDCC 3, DGRG 1-16, GHH, SORH, atl2 |
| c.198 | After the Achaean League meeting, Argos accepts a Macedonian garrison. Argos and Corinth, the most important cities of the League, are now with Philip-V. Megalopolis remains petulant. | 198 LdHR 2-25, atl2 |
| c.198 | ALEXANDER ISIUS, strategos of 2nd Aetolian League, at a meeting with Flamininus at Nicaea in Locris, says Philip-V should be compelled to quit Greece, and return all towns he took from Aetolians. Boeotian Brachylles supports cause of Philip-V. | 198 DGRBM 1-117, 502 |
| c.198 | ALEXANDER ISIUS, strategos of 2nd Aetolian League, leads an embassy to Rome to accuse Philip-V. It includes Achaean Xenophon of Aegion. | 198 DGRBM 1-117, 3-1297 |
| c.198 | L. Quinctius FLAMININUS, Roman fleet commander, sails from Malea island to Piraeos to join ships already there. | 198 DGRBM 2-161 |
| c.198 | ANDROSTHENES tyrant of Corinth 200-197, defends Corinth against Romans. | 198 DGRBM 1-177 |
| c.198 | ACHAEANS, with some opposition from Argos, ally with Romans until ?. | 199 CDCC 674 198 B76 8-384, CAH 8, bk |
| c.198 | PHILOCLES, an officer and friend of Philip-V of Macedon, at Chalcis Euboea, tries and fails to save Eretria, which the Roman fleet, the Rhodians, and Attalus-I are besieging, and which is taken by them shortly after the repulse of Philocles. | 198 CAH 8-266, DGRBM 3-300 |
| c.198 | CARYSTOS Euboea taken by the Roman fleet, the Rhodians, and Attalus-I. | 198 CAH 8-266 |
| c.198 | AETOLIANS ally with Romans against Philip-V until 197. | 200 B76 I-117 199 CAH 8, CDCC 674, bk 198 B76 8-384, CAH 8 |
| c.198 | BOEOTIANS ally with Romans against Philip-V until ?. | 198 bk |
| c.198 | Now that Pergamum is safe, ATTALUS-I again joins Romans in Greece, winters at Aegina. | 198 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c.198 | Before winter ELATEA Phocis, sides with Romans. | 198 LdHR 2-25 |
| c.198 | Before winter all of Locris and Phocis, side with Romans. | 198 LdHR 2-25 |
| c.198 | T. FLAMININUS wants to take credit for ending the war, but does not yet know if his command will be prolonged. He decides to negotiate with Philip-V while awaiting outcome of elections. If he is to be recalled, he will make a quick peace deal. If he is to remain, he will resume the war. | 198 wik2MW |
| c. 198 | Negotiations begin at NICAEA and THRONION (5km & 15km east of Thermopylae). Reps of all concerned parties are present. PHILIP-V stands on a ship, and T. Quinctius FLAMININUS on shore. Flamininus repeats same demands with more specificity: that Philip evaccuate Greece, return parts of Illyria captured after 205 to Pleuratos, return to Ptolemy-V all Egyptian lands taken since death of P-IV in 204. Flamininus' Greek allies then list grievances against Philip-V, demanding his withdrawal from Greece. Alexander Isius, strategos of 2nd Aetolian League gets his friends to oppose any peace with Philip-V. Philip makes concessions, but is unwilling to concede to all of senate's demands. On the 3rd day they agree to a 2 months truce; and reps of all participants sail to Rome. | 198 CAH 8-171, 266, LdHR 2-26, MCAW, SORH, atl2, wik2MW 197 DGRBM 1-117 |
| c.198 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, claims that Rhodes and Attalus-I of Pergamum had attacked him first. He is not contradicted. Same 200. | 198 CAH 8-253 |
| 198/7 | T. FLAMININUS learns that his imperium has been extended, and that his friends in Rome successfully interfered with the Macedonian negotiators. He resumes the war. | 198/7 wik2MW |
| c.198/7 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 finding it inconvenient to defend Argos himself, instructs Philocles to give up Argos to Nabis of Sparta, who, after having betrayed the people into an open expression of the hatred they felt toward him, is admitted by night into Argos. Philocles extorts money from the citizens; then, to secure the support of at least one portion of the community, proposes cancelling debts, and repartitioning lands. | 198 DGRBM 2-1134 197 atl2 |
| c.198/7 | Winter. PHILIP-V and T. FLAMININUS continue competing for Greek support. All Greece from Thessaly to the isthmus except Acarnania and Boeotia is with Flamininus, who winters in Locris and Phocis. His task is to separate Acarnania and Boeotia from loyalty to Philip-V. He delegates Acarnania to his bro Lucius. | 198/7 LdHR 2-26, SORH |
| c.197 | MARONIA Thrace, under Macedonia from 200, comes under Seleucids until 189. | 197 rcSB2 |
| c.197 | Appius CLAUDIUS PULCHER comes from Rome, serves as military tribune under T. Quinctius Flamininus in Greece until 194. | 197 DGRBM 1-769 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS accompanied by Attalus-I of Pergamum, marches toward Thebes, main city of Boeotia. | 197 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c.197 | A meeting is held at THEBES to decide whether or not to submit to Flamininus. Attalus-I of Pergamum speaks and collapses from apoplexy. Thebes, independent in Aetolian League from 290, peacefully submits to Flamininus, and comes under Romans until 146 | 197 B76 IX-928, 15-1-93, CAH 8-178, CDGRA 117, DGRBM 1-410, LdHR 2-26, OCD 144, 415, SORH, atl2, rcSB3 |
| c.197 | ATTALUS-I Soter, king of Pergamum from 238, dies of stroke at Thebes. Son EUMENES-2 succeeds until 160. | 197 B76 15-1-93, CAH 8-178, DGRBM 1-410, OCD 144, 415, atl2 |
| c.197 | An oracular response from Delphi predicts that Attalus-I's family will reign until time of his grandchildren. | 197 atl2 |
| c.197 | BOEOTIA, forced by Flamininus and persuaded by Aristaenos strategos of Achaean League, allies with Romans. | 197 DGRBM 1-288, atl2 |
| c.197 | LEUCAS island, under Macedonia from ?, blockaded by L. Flamininus and taken. L. Flamininus defeats Acarnanians on it. Leucas is separated from the Acarnanian Confederacy. | 197 DGRG 2-168-9, atl2 |
| c.197 | ARISTAENOS strategos of Achaean League accompanies Flamininus to interview with Philip-V. | 197 DGRBM 1-288 |
| c.197 | Proconsul T. Quinctius FLAMININUS with 2 legions leaves winter quarters. With Aetolians, Athamanians, Achaeans, and others, over 30,000 men, they go to Thermopylae. He picks up some Aetolian cavalry under Phaeneas at Thermopylae, and advances into Phthiotis straddling the eastern Thessaly/Greece border. | 197 DGRBM 2-164, 3-232, LdHR 2-27, atl2 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS at Heraclea, marches 3 days and arrives at Xynia Thessaly. | 197 DGRG 2-1334 |
| c.197 | ARGOS, in 2nd Achaean League from 224, acquired by Nabis of Sparta until 195. | 197 B76 VII-157, LEWH 92, atl2 196 B76 I-506, rcPl |
| c.197 | THEBAE (now called Philipololis) in Phthiotis Thessaly attacked by T. Quinctius Flamininus unsuccessfully. | 197 DGRG 2-1155 |
| c.197 | ANKYLOS becomes eponymous archon of Athens until 196. | 197 wikEA |
| c.197 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 with an army of old men and boys, marches south into Thessaly. | 197 LdHR 2-27 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS goes from Phthiotis past Demetrias, and camps on the plain near Pherae. | 197 LdHR 2-27 |
| c.197 | PHILIP-V, arrives at Larissa, and learns that Flamininus is near Pherae. | 197 LdHR 2-27 |
| c.197 | PHILIP-V, marches south from Larissa, halts near Pherae at the appearance of Roman scouts, finds the terrain unsuitable for his phalanx, falls back to Scotussa. | 197 LdHR 2-27 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS marches from Pherae north towards Scotussa Thessaly, halts at Eretria between Pharsalus & Thebae. | 197 DGRG 1-847 |
| c.197 |  LYSIMACHIA in Chersonese is sacked and destroyed again by the Thracians during war of the Romans against Philip-V. Ruined until 196. |
197 atl2, wikLT |
| c.197 | Most of THESSALY declared free by Flamininus. | 197 DGRG 2-1169 |
| c.197 | 500 troops from Gortyn Crete under Cydas join Flamininus in Thessaly. | 197 DGRBM 1-910, DGRG 1-1005 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS defeats Philip-V at CYNOSCEPHALAE, a range of hills north of Skotussa. Roman mobility (mainly Aetolian cavalry under Eupolemos) outflanks Macedonian phalanx carrying 21' spears and heavy shields. Philip has more than 25,000 men, Flamininus has 2 legions, supported in infantry by 6,000 Aetolians, 1,200 Athamanians, 500 Cretans from Gortyn, and 300 Apollonians and 400 Aetolian cavalry. 8,000 Macedonians are killed, 7,000 captured. 700 Romans killed. | 197 B76 I-117, IV-171, 8-384, 15-1093, BI+N 131, CAH 8-268, CDCC 350, 674, CHJ 2-76, DGRA 1094, DGRG 1-726, 2-933, Dur 2-556, 3-85, GHH, ISBE 3-775, 833, LdHR 2-28, LEWH 92, MCAW, TTPC, atl2, bk, wik2MW, wikBoC, wikTQF |
| c.197 | Roman maniple outmaneuvers the rigid Macedonian phalanx in 197 and 168. | 197 MCAW, bk, wik2MW, wikHR |
| c.197 | Immediately after the battle PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 sends Achaean Cycliadas and 2 other envoys to T. Flamininus, who grants a 15 day truce. | 197 CAH 8-268, DGRBM 1-909 |
| c.197 | BRACHYLLES, Boeotian ally of Philip-V, who commanded Boeotian troops at Cynoscephalae, is sent home by T. Flamininus to conciliate Boeotia. | 197 DGRBM 1-502 |
| c.197 | BRACHYLLES, helped by the pro-Macedonian party, is elected Boetarch until 196. | 197 DGRBM 1-502 |
| c.197 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 gives Rome 200 talents and hostages including younger son Demetrius for 4 months truce. | 198 DGRBM 1-966 197 late CAH 8-269 |
| c.197 | Achaeans under NICOSTRATOS defeat Macedonians under ANDROSTHENES at Apelauros. | 197 DGRG 2-1039 |
| c.197 | Praetor of the Achaean league NICOSTRATOS is present at a meeting at Mycenae, at invitation of Nabis, at which Flamininus and Attalus are also present. On the part of the Achaeans Nicostratos enters a 4 month truce with Nabis. | 197 DGRBM 2-1200 |
| c.197 | Praetor of the Achaean league NICOSTRATOS, at Sicyon with troops, by a skilfully devised stratagem he inflicted a severe defeat on forces of Philip-V, at Corinth under command of Androsthenes, while they were ravaging the lands of Pellene, Sicyon, and Phlios. | 197 DGRBM 2-1200 |
| c.197 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS fears that Antiochus-III might rescue Philip-V, grants truce at Tempe. . | 197 CAH 8-176, OCD 441 |
| c.197 | Peace of Tempe : Philip-V agrees to senate's terms set at Nicaea 198, surrenders all land outside Macedonia, reduces army to 5,000, navy to 5 ships, not declare war without senate's permission, pay 1,000 talents over 10 years. Aetolians get Dolopia, Phocis, and east Locris, but not their former possessions in Thessaly. Aetolian Phaeneas offends Flamininus by insisting on restitution of cities in Thessaly. | 197 B76 I-117, CAH 8-176, DGRBM 3-232, TTPC, bk, wik2MW |
| c.197 | Peace of Tempe results: Aetolians are miffed at not getting former posessions in Thessaly etc. All parties send delegates to Rome. | 197 CAH 8-176 |
| c.197 | SESTOS in Chersonese, under a Macedonian garrison from ?, liberated by insistence of Rhodians, who want free trade with Black Sea. |
197 DGRG 2-970 |
| c.197 | ANDROSTHENES, pro-Macedonian commander of Corinth from 200, defeated by Achaeans near Corinth, drops out of history. | 197 DGRBM 1-177, atl2 |
| c.197 | CORINTH, under Macedonia from 303, declared free by Romans until 146. | 197 DGRG 1-677 |
| 197/6 | 2nd MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME from 200, ends. Flamininus agrees to discuss peace terms with Philip. 3rd 171. | 197 Dur 3-20, GHH, OHG, atl2, wik2MW 196 B76 I-634, VI-442, CDCC 456, GHH, LEWH 92, OCD 928, frH, wik2MW |
| c.196 | BRACHYLLES, pro-Macedonian Boetarch from 197, murdered by pro-Romans Zeuxippos and Pisistratos helped by T. Quinctius Flamininus. | 196 DGRBM 1-502 |
| c.196 | PLEURATOS-III king of the Illyrian Ardiae 206-181, is rewarded by T. Quinctius Flamininus at the peace for his services by addition of Lychnidus and the Parthini (formerly under Macedonia) to his territory. | 196 DGRBM 3-413, DGRG 2-38 |
| c.196 | T.(1) Quinctius FLAMININUS attends Isthmian Games at Corinth, proclaims all Greeks free from Macedon, tribute, and Roman garrisons. The cheer from the stadium is so loud that it is reported that birds flying over fell dead from the shock. Philip-V is restricted to Macedonia, parts of Thessaly organized in federations. Rome's main ally Aetolia gets some land, but remain unsatisfied. | 196 B76 IV-171, 8-384, 15-1093, CAH 8-277, CDCC 350, DGRA 646, Dur 2-556, 3-85, MCAW, OCD 441, OHG, atl2, bk, wikTQF |
| c.196 | PHOCIS comes under 2nd Aetolian League. | 196 SORH |
| c.196 | ANKYLOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 197, ends. PLEISTAINOS succeeds until 195. | 196 wikEA |
| c.196 | Romans force Boeotians to agree to peace terms after murder of Macedonian sympathizer Brachylles. | 196 atl2 |
| c.196 | Shortly after the peace with Boeotia, 10 Roman commissioners arrive in Greece with a senatus consultum to join with T. Flamininus in settling affairs. At least 4 are ex-consuls and include Flamininus' predecessors P. Sulpicius Galba and P. Villius Tappulus. Also included: L. Stertinius, P. Cornelius Lentulus Caudinus. | 196 CAH 8-189, 270, DGRBM 2-164, 204, 729, 3-907, 975 |
| c. 196 | 10 Roman commissioners revise peace treaty with Philip-V, and monitor carrying out of terms. All Greeks not subject to or garrisoned by Philip, in Anatolia or in Europe, shall be free and live according to their own laws. Cities subject to Philip and garrisoned by Philip shall be handed over to the Romans before the Isthmian Games (June/July 196). Philip shall withdraw his garrisons from and leave free Euromus, Pedasa, Bargylia, and Iasus, all in Caria, Abydos and Myrina in Mysia, Thasos island, and Perinthos Thrace. Concerning the freedom of Cius Bithynia, Flamininus shall write to Prusias according to the senatus consultum. All prisoners and deserters Philip shall restore to the Romans. Philip shall surrender his whole fleet to the Romans except for 6 ships, and limit his standing army to 5,000 men. Philip shall pay 1,000 talents, half immediately and half in 10 annual installments, and deliver hostages including his son Demetrius. Philip may not make alliances without Roman consent. | 196 CAH 8-270, DGRBM 3-284, GHH, SORH, atl2 |
| c.196 | HEGESIANAX and LYSIAS, envoys of Antiochus-III are sent from Ephesus to Greece to meet the Romans. T. Flamininus declares himself unable to say anything without the 10 commissioners and refers them to the Senate. Instead of proceeding there, the envoys return to report to Antiochus-III. | 196 BHS 2-54, DGRBM 2-367, 864 |
| c.196 | OREOS Euboea under Romans from 200, declared free by T. Quinctius Flamininus along with other Greek states. | 196 DGRG 2-492 |
| c.196 | OREOS and ERETRIA in Euboea are given to Eumenes-II by treaty of Romans with Philip-V. | 196 DGRBM 2-90 |
| c.196 | The ORESTAE on the Epirus/Macedonia border, having been first to rebel against Philip, are declared free by the Romans in the peace with Philip. | 196 DGRG 2-491 |
| c.196 | Aenos and Maronia on Thracian coast, under Philip-V from 200 taken by Romans. | 196 CAH 8-285 |
| c.196 | THESSALY is divided into 4 independent confederacies. | 196 SORH |
| c.196 | Thessalians adopt new laws, and start electing annual magistrates. First to hold office is Pausanias of Pherae. | 196 atl2 |
| c.196 | LARISSA Thessaly, under Macedonia from 344, under Philip from ? , given up to Romans until 395CE after Philip destroys all his important papers. | 196 B76 VI-51 |
| c.196 | DEMETRIAS Magnesia, under Macedonia from 352, taken by Romans and garrisoned until 192. | 196 DGRG 1-769 |
| c.196 | Roman armies leave Greece, except garrisons in key strategic cities which had belonged to Macedon remain until 194. | 196 wik2MW |
| c.196 | EUBOEAN LEAGUE, defunct from 338, revived by Flamininus until 146. | 196 OCD 412 |
| c.196 | CALPURNIUS CORNELIUS sent by senate to make alliance with Philip-V against Antiochus-III. Philip-V accepts. | 196 CAH 8-185 |
| c.196 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 at Abydos, crosses Hellespont into Thrace. | 196 B76 1-825, CAH 8-271, lvA, SORH |
| c.196 | CHERSONESE, under Macedonia from 213, taken by Antiochus-III until 189. | 196 CAH 8-271, DGRBM 1-197, GHH |
| c.196 | LYSIMACHIA Thrace, in ruins from 197, restoration and fortification begun by Antiochus-III, who makes it his headquarters until 190. | 196 CAH 8-271, SORH, atl2 |
| c.196 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 at Lysimachia Thrace, claims rights in Thrace because of Seleucus-I's conquest in 281. Says Philip-V usurped his land. Says he will preserve rights of all free cities. Declares marriage contract with Ptolemy-V. | 196 Oct CAH 8-186 |
| c.196 | L. Cornelius LENTULLUS and 3 other Roman envoys meet Antiochus-III at Lysimachia Thrace, order him to evaccuate Europe and all cities belonging to Philip-V or Ptolemy-V. | 196 mid B76 8-384, Oct CAH 8-186, DGRBM 1-197, wikC1 |
| c.196 | PARMENIO, one of the deputies from Lampsacus, appears before the Roman legates at Lysimachia to complain against Antiochus-III. | 196 DGRBM 3-127 |
| c.196 | THRACE conquered by Antiochus-III. | 196 lvA3 |
| c.196 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 at Lysimachia in Chersonese, hears false rumor that Ptolemy-V has died, leaves son Seleucus in charge of Thrace at Lysimachia, sails toward Alexandria hoping to be king. | 196 Oct CAH 8-186, DGRBM 3-774 |
| c.196 | ALEXAMENOS becomes strategos of 2nd Aetolian League until 192. | 196 DGRBM 1-110 |
| c.196 | Calpurnius Cornelius and L. Villius Tappulus, envoys of Rome proceed from Macedonia to Anatolia to win back the Anatolians. | 196 CAH 8-185, DGRBM 3-975 |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS summons council of all Greek allies at Corinth to discuss if they want him to liberate Argos from Nabis of Sparta. Participants include Aetolian and Achaean Leagues, Macedon, Rome, Pergamum, Rhodes, and Thessaly. All states favor war, except Aetolian League and Thessaly, both of which want the Romans to leave Greece immediately. Alexander Isius, strategos of Aetolian League, speaks against Athenians, and insinuates that Romans are being deceptive. | 195 May CAH 8-189, DGRBM 1-117, wikNb, wikWaN |
| c.195 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, with bigger army, returns to Thrace, sends envoy to T. Flamininus in Greece to negotiate friendship with Rome. | 195 mid CAH 8-188 |
| c.195 | Laconian War declared by Rome on Nabis of Sparta, authorizes T. Flamininus to deal with him any way he likes. | 195 CAH 8, bk, wikWaN |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS sends an envoy to Sparta, orders Nabis of Sparta to give Argos back to the Achaeans, or face war. Nabis refuses. | 195 wikNb |
| c.195 | ARISTAENOS strategos of Achaean League, with 10,000 inf and 1,000 cav, joins Flamininus against Nabis of Sparta. | 195 DGRBM 1-288 |
| c.195 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 sends a strong body of auxiliaries to help Flamininus against Nabis of Sparta. | 195 DGRBM 3-284 |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, with with allies, 40,000 men in all, invades Peloponnese, joins forces with Achaean Aristaenos, who has 10,000 inf and 1,000 cav in Cleonae. They advanced towards Argos, but fail to surprise it. | 195 CAH 8-190, DGRBM 2-162, atl2, wikWaN |
| c.195 | Nabis has appointed Argive Pythagoras, commander of his garrison of 15,000 men in Argos. A young Argive, Damocles, tries to stir up revolution against the Spartan garrison. Damocles and most of his followers are surrounded and killed by the Spartans. A few survivors escap to T. Flamininus' camp. They suggest that, if Flamininus moves his camp closer to the city gates, the Argives will revolt against the Spartans. Flamininus does so. All Greek leaders except Aristaenos think they should attack Argos. Aristaenos argues that they should strike directly at Sparta and Laconia. Flamininus agrees with Aristaenos and they march to Tegea Arcadia. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | EUMENES-II of Pergamum sends fleet to help T. Flamininus against Nabis of Sparta. | 195 DGRBM 2-90 |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS marches from Tegea to Caryae, waits for allied reinforcements. | 195 CAH 8-190, atl2 |
| c.195 | AGESIPOLIS former king A-III of Sparta 219-15, leads Spartan exiles who join T. Flamininus at Caryae. | 195 DGRBM 1-71, wikWaN |
| c.195 | 1,500 Macedonians and 400 Thessalian cavalry sent by Philip-V join T. Flamininus at Caryae. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | NABIS, usurper of Sparta 206-192, drafts 10,000 citizens into his army and hires 3,000 mercenaries. Fearing that his subjects might revolt, he orders execution of 80 prominent subjects. His Cretan allies send 1,000 warriors to augment the 1,000 they had already sent. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | PLEISTAINOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 196, ends. Successor unknown until 194. | 195 wikEA |
| c.195 | L. Quinctius FLAMININUS, Roman fleet commander, with 40 ships, helps bro against Nabis of Sparta by taking several coastal towns, then sails to Gythion, where Sparta stores weapons. | 195 DGRBM 2-162, wikWaN |
| c.195 | 18 Rhodian ships, led by Sosilas and 40 Pergamene ships under Eumenes-II join L. Quinctius Flamininus to help against Nabis. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS descends on Sellasia. While the Romans make camp, Nabis' auxiliaries attack them, but the main body of legionary cohorts arrive, and the Spartans retreat back to Sellasia. As the Romans march past Sparta enroute to Mount Menelaus, Nabis' mercenaries attack the allies' rear. Appius Claudius, commander of the rearguard, forces the mercenaries to retreat into Sparta, inflicting heavy casualties. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, with allies from all Greek states except Aetolia, proceeds to Amyclae, devastates Laconia. Most fighting is at sea. | 195 CAH 8-190, atl2, wikWaN |
| c.195 | GYTHION, arsenal town of Sparta, under garrison commanders Gorgopas and Dexagoridas, besieged by T. Flamininus, and blockaded by fleet of L. Flamininus. Dexagoridas tries to surrender. Gorgopas kills him, and holds out until T. Flamininus arrives with 4,000 recently recruited troops. Gorgopas surrenders. | 195 B76 V-976, DGRBM 2-162, DGRG 2-112, wikNb |
| c.195 | During the siege at Gythion, Pythagoras with 3,000 men from Argos joins Nabis at Sparta. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | Nabis learns that Gythion had surrendered, sends an envoy to T. Flamininus to negotiate peace terms. Nabis offers to withdraw his garrison from Argos and hand over any deserters and prisoners. T. Flamininus calls another war council. Most want to capture Sparta and unseat Nabis. T. Flamininus proposes a 6-month truce if Nabis surrenders Argos with all his garrisons from the Argolid, give coastal Laconian cities autonomy, surrender his fleet, pay a war indemnity over the next 8 years, and not ally with any Cretan cities. Nabis rejects the offer. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, with 50,000 men, marches to Sparta, defeats Spartans outside the city, beseiges Sparta. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | Argives hear that Sparta is under siege and revolt. Under Argive Archippas, they attack the garrison commanded by Timocrates of Pellene. Timocrates surrenders the citadel on condition that he and his men could leave unharmed. In return all Argives serving in Nabis' army are allowed to return home. | 195 wikWaN |
| c.195 | NABIS, usurper of Sparta 206-192, surrenders to T. Flamininus, cedes all property taken from Messenians back to them, cedes Argos, Argolis, Cretan possessions, and coastal towns to Greeks, plus 500 talents and hostages to Flamininus. He is allowed to keep his throne. | 195 B76 15-1094, CAH 8-191, DGRG 2-345, SORH, atl2, wikWaN |
| c.195 | Laconian coastal cities which had sided with Romans are taken from Sparta by L. Quinctius Flamininus, and given to Achaean League. | 195 B76 V-976, DGRG 2-112, wikWaN |
| c.195 | PERIOIKOI, an autonomous group of free but non-citizen inhabitants of Sparta are liberated by T. Quinctius Flamininus. Sparta becomes a modest provincial town. | 195 CDCC 839, no date: wikPr |
| c.195 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 sails from Thrace to Ephesus to meet Hannibal. | 195 CAH 8-191 |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, having conquered Sparta, insists that Sparta remain independent, i.e. not in Achaean League. | 195 B76 15-1094 |
| c.195 | ARGOS, under Nabis of Sparta from 198, returned to Achaeans, joins Achaean League until 86. | 196 rcPl 195 CAH 8-191, LEWH 92, SORH, atl2, wikWaN |
| c.195 | ARISTOPHANES of Byzantium, becomes chief librarian of Byzantium until 180. | 195 B76 I-515 |
| c.195 | CYTHERA island, under Sparta from 386, no longer so. | 195 OCD 308 |
| c.195 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, recommends that senate recall army from Greece. Senate agrees. | 195 CAH 9-192 |
| c.195/4 | ERATOSTHENES of Cyrene, Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, music theorist, age 80, dies in Alexandria. |
| c.194 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 sails from Ephesus back to Thrace. | 194 CAH 8-199 |
| c.194 | DIONYSIOS becomes eponymous archon of Athens until 193. | 194 wikEA |
| c.194 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS, addresses Greeks at a congress at Corinth, and announces withdrawal of Roman forces. | 194 BHS 2-55, DGRBM 2-165, LdHR 2-33, atl2, CAH 8-277 |
| c.194 | THRACE comes under Antiochus-III Megas king of Syria | 194 BHS 2-55, lvA |
| c.194 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas, king of Syria, protects Byzantium against Thracians. | 194 atl2 |
| c.194 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS in Greece from 198, withdraws all legions from Greece voluntarily, sails from Oricon to Brundisium, in Italy until 193. | 194 B76 IV-171, 8-384, 15-1093, BHS 2-55, BI+N 131, CAH 8-192, CDCC 350, DGRBM 2-165, LdHR 2-34, OCD 928, OHG, SORH, bk |
| c.194 | PHILOPOEMEN, Achaean patriot, in Crete, from 200, returns to Greece. The Megalopolitans are so angry at him for leaving them when his services were needed, that they nearly pass a decree depriving him of citizenship. They are prevented by Aristaenos, general of the league. | 194 B76 15-1094, DGRBM 3-319 |
| c.194 | Spartan garrison of Nabis, in Argos from ?, expelled by Archippos. | 194 DGRBM 1-273 |
| c.194 | 2nd AETOLIAN LEAGUE decides to claim their alleged rights by war, make Thoas their strategos. | 194 CAH 8-203 |
| c.193 | HEGESIANAX and MENIPPUS, envoys of Antiochus-III are sent from Thrace to Rome. | 194/3 CAH 8-278 193 B76 IV-171, 8-384, CAH 8-200, DGRBM 2-367, 864, 1041, GHH, atl2 |
| c.193 | DIONYSIOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 194, ends. PHANARCHIDES succeeds until 192. | 193 wikEA |
| c.193 | 2nd Aetolian League holds council at Naupactos. Aetolian strategos Thoas urges Aetolians to war with Rome, and to send embassies to Philip-V and Antiochus-III. | 194 BHS 2-56 193 CAH 8-280, DGRBM 3-1104 |
| c.193 | DICAEARCHOS, bro of Aetolian strategos Thoas, is sent to Antiochus-III (now in Thrace) promising him support if he will invade Greece. | 194 BHS 2-56 |
| c.193 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, sends envoys to Rome to whitewash his intentions. | 193 BHS 2-57 |
| c.193 | Envoys P. Sulpicius Galba, T. Villius Tappulus, and P. Aelius Paetus, return from Pergamum for Rome by way of Greece. | 193 CAH 8-279-80 |
| c.193 | Aetolian NICANDER sent as envoy to Philip-V, to urge him to join the league. Unsuccessful. | 193 DGRBM 2-1173 |
| c.193 | 2nd AETOLIAN LEAGUE invites Philip-V, Nabis of Sparta, and Antiochus-III to join them in war against Rome. | 193 CAH 8-203, GHH 192 B76 8-384 |
| c.193 | 2nd AETOLIAN LEAGUE stirs up anti-Roman feelings in Greece. | 193 CAH 8-280, atl2 192 B76 8-384 |
| c.193 | ACHAEAN LEAGUE prepares for war with Nabis of Sparta, elects PHILOPOEMEN strategos until 183. | 193 CAH 8-204 192 DGRBM 3-319 |
| c.193 | T.(1) Quinctius FLAMININUS in Italy from 194, quickly sent back to Greece to use his popular influence until 190. | 193 CAH 8-204 |
| c.193 | HEGESIANAX, LYSIAS, and MENIPPUS, envoys of Antiochus-III return from Italy by way of Greece, visit Delphi which is still controlled by the Aetolians. | 193 CAH 8-280 |
| c.193 | 2nd Aetolian League sends DAMOCRITOS to NABIS of Sparta, to urge Nabis to make war on Romans. | 193 DGRBM 1-936 |
| c.193 | NABIS, usurper king of Sparta 207-192, breaks treaty with Rome, incites his former possessions to rebel against Achaeans, regains all cities except Gytheon Laconia. | 193 CAH 8-204 |
| c.193 | CARNEADES of Cyrene, extreme skeptic philosopher, comes to Athens. | 193 MCAW |
| c.193/2 | THOAS, strategos of 2nd Aetolian League, sails to Ephesus to meet Antiochus-III, urges his intervention in Greece. | 193 CAH 8-280, GHH 193/2 CAH 8-205-6 192 DGRBM 3-1104 |
| c.192 | Antiochus-III, agrees to intervene in Greece, and sends rep Menippus back to Greece, with Thoas to declare his intentions, thinking Rome will back down. | 193/2 CAH 8-205-6 192 BHS 2-66, BI+N 132, 180, DGRBM 2-1041, 3-1104 |
| c.192 | Byzantium sides with Romans against Antiochus-III. | 192 SORH |
| c.192 | PHILOPOEMEN, strategos of Achaean League 193-83, invades Laconia, defeats Nabis of Sparta at Mt. Barbosthenes. Almost destroys Nabis' army, blockades him in Sparta, ravages Laconia. | 193/2 B76 VII-951, MCAW 192 CAH 8-204, GHH, atl2, wikNb |
| c.192 | PHANARCHIDES, eponymous archon of Athens from 193, ends. DIODOTOS succeeds until 191. | 192 wikEA |
| c.192 | Megara defects from Boeotia and joins Achaean League. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | Diophanes of Megalopolis serves under Philopoemen in fighting against Nabis. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | P. Villius Tappulus, and 2 other envoys sent by senate back to Greece until 190. They arrive in Greece before Atilius, and advise the Greeks to do nothing until the fleet arrives. Flamininus imposes truce between Achaeans and Nabis | 194 B76 IV-171, 193 CAH 8-280 192 BHS 2-66, CAH 8-204, DGRBM 2-165, LdHR 2-38 |
| c.192 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS goes to Aetolia to try to win them over. Damocritos and the Aetolian majority oppose him. | 192 DGRBM 1-936 |
| c.192 | MENIPPUS, rep of Antiochus-III, tells Assembly of 2nd Aetolian League (Flamininus present) that Antiochus-III will join Aetolians in restoring true freedom to Greece (i.e. freedom from Romans). Flamininus is barely permitted to speak. His suggestion to negotiate in Rome rather than to involve Antiochus is answered by a decree, passed after he had withdrawn, inviting Antiochus to free Greece and to arbitrate between Rome and Aetolia. | 192 B76 15-1093, CAH 8-206, 280-1, CDCC 31, atl2 |
| c.192 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS negotiates with Antiochus-III, warns him not to interfere with the Greek states. | 192 wikTQF |
| c.192 | Roman envoys, including Gn. Servilius Caepio(2), P. Villius Tappulus, tour Greek cities, in an attempt to retain their support against Antiochus-III. | 192 DGRBM 1-533, 3-975, atl2 |
| c.192 | Cruelty of Nabis at Sparta forces many of his opponents into exile. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | NABIS, usurper king of Sparta 207-192, appeals to 2nd Aetolian League to send troops so that he might protect his territory against Romans and Achaean League. | 192 wikNb |
| c.192 | AETOLIANS, impatiently awaiting arrival of Antiochus-III, plan surprise attack on Achaeans. Aetolian Diocles is to take Demetrias, Thoas to take Chalcis, Alexamenos to replace Nabis in Sparta, an ineffective ally hemmed in by Achaeans. | 192 B76 15-1093, BHS 2-67, CAH 8-206, 281 |
| c.192 | Aetolian praetor Thoas tries on his own account to reduce the important fortress of Chalcis. | 192 DGRBM 3-1104 |
| c.192 | MENIPPUS, agent of Antiochus-III, commanding 3000 men to aid in intercepting all rescuers sent to Chalcis Euboea by Eumenes-II of Pergamum and the Achaeans, who contrived, however, to throw aid into the town before the passage there by sea and land had been barred by Syrian forces. But, after Menippus had occupied the road to Antis, 500 Roman soldiers, also destined for the relief of Chalcis, arrive, and find themselves obliged to turn aside to Delium. Here they are suddenly attacked by Menippus, and all slain except about 50, who are captured. | 192 DGRBM 2-1041 |
| c.192 | ALEXAMENOS strategos of 2nd Aetolian League 196-92, marches to Sparta. | 192 DGRBM 1-110 |
| c.192 | MICTIO, a pro-Roman leader in Chalcis Euboea opposed to the Aetolian party, defends Chalcis by a league between Chalcidians, Eretrians, and Carystians. He rejects proposals of the Aetolians to remain neutral between Antiochus-III and Romans. | 192 DGRBM 2-1083 |
| c.192 | MENESTAS of Epirus is one of the chief instigators of the Aetolians to their war, in conjunction with Antiochus-III, against Romans. | 192 DGRBM 2-1041 |
| 192 | NABIS dies. Usurper king of Sparta from 206, ineffective ally of Aetolians, receives 1,000 inf and 300 cav from Alexamenos, which he believes to be reinforcements, murdered by Aetolian agent Alexamenos, who takes over Sparta, and is soon killed by Spartans. | 192 B76 VII-157, 8-384, CAH 8-207, CDCC 603, DGRG 1-16, 110, Dur 2-570, GHH, LdHR 2-38, LEWH 92, atl2, wikNb |
| c.192 | Magnesia sides with Antiochus-III against Romans. | 192 SORH |
| c.192 | DEMETRIAS Magnesia, under Romans from 196, surprised and taken by Aetolian Diocles, who kills the leader of the pro-Roman party, and restores anti-Roman Eurylochos as leader until 191. | 192 CAH 8-207, DGRG 1-769, atl2 |
CONFUSION ALERT! There are 3 MAGNESIAs: a region in Thessaly, and 2 cities in Lydia: on the Meander near the coast, and ad Sipylum northeast of Sardis. |
| c.192 | EUTHYMIDAS of Chalcis Euboea is expelled by the pro-Roman party. He trise unsuccessfully to bring it under the Aetolians. | 192 DGRBM 2-124 |
| c.192 | Aetolian THOAS, is repulsed at Chalcis. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, with only 10,000 men crosses Hellespont from Abydos into Thrace. | 192 LdHR 2-35 |
| c.192 | Aetolian THOAS, after failing to take Chalcis, hurries to Thrace to inform Antiochus-III of success of other Aetolians, and grossly exaggerate the enthusiasm for Antiochus in Greece. Antiochus is unprepared and hesitates. | 192 CAH 8-207, 281 |
| c.192 | LYSIMACHIA Thrace, having been destroyed by Philip-V, ordered rebuilt by Antiochus-III. | 192 LdHR 2-35 |
| c.192 | Praetor A. Atilius SERRANUS is a fleet commander with 30 quinqueremes until 191, and sent with 2 legions from Italy to Peloponnese under pretext of helping the Achaeans against Nabis of Sparta, but really to threaten Antiochus-III. | 192 CAH 8-280, 282, DGRBM 2-165, 3-788, SORH |
| c.192 | Praetor A. Atilius SERRANUS recovers Gytheon Laconia and other coastal towns from Nabis. | 192 CAH 8-204, OCD 143 |
| c.192 | PHILOPOEMEN, strategos of Achaean League 193-83, sees Sparta in anarchy, and with approval of Flamininus, siezes it, joins it to Achaean League until 189, promising no interference in Spartan government. | 192 B76 15-1094, CAH 8-207, 291, DGRG 1-16, 2-1026, GHH, IDB 4-431 191 DGRBM 3-320, GHH |
| c.192 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, with only 10,000 inf, 500 cav, 6 elephants, accompanied by Hannibal sails from Thrace? to Demetrias Thessaly, expecting Philip-V to join him, and expecting his main force in spring. Meets Aetolians at Lamia, disappoints his allies because of small army. Many cities waver. | 193/2 MCAW 192 B76 1-994, 8-384, CAH 8-208-9, 281, CDCC 53, DGRBM 1-197, 3-232, DGRG 2-677, GHH, SHWC 109, SORH, TTPC, atl2, bk |
| c.192 | ANTIOCHUS-III, now in Greece, wins Philip-V to his interests by pretending to regard him as the rightful heir to the Macedonian throne, and holding out to him hopes of establishing him upon it. | 192 DGRBM 3-271 |
| c.192 | EUBOEA, independent from 198, taken and occupied by Antiochus-III until 191. | 192 B76 1-994, OCD 412, atl2, rcSB3 |
| c.192 | CHALCIS Euboea taken by Antiochus-III. | 192 GHH, SORH |
| c.192 | MESSENE in Messenia allies with Macedonia until ?. | 192 rcPl |
| c.192 | Elean Callistratos approaches Antiochus-III at Chalcis Euboea to ask aid for Elis against Achaeans. Antiochus-III sends Elis 1,000 men under Euphanes the Cretan. | 192 DGRBM 1-578 |
| c.192 | SENATE declares war on Antiochus-III, sends M. Baebius Tamphilus with only a few troops to Illyria to see which way Philip-V will go. | 192 B76 1-825, 8-384, CAH 8-212, CHJ 2, OCD 159, OHG, atl2, bk, lvA 190 DGRG 2-1187 |
| c.192 | M. Baebius Tamphilus meets Philip-V in Dassaretis Epirus during winter. Baebius tacitly agrees that Philip-V might keep such places as he captures from the Aetolians and their allies. | 192 CAH 8-283 |
| c.192 | Senate declares war on Antiochus-III. ROME / SYRIA WAR begins until 189. |
192 B76 1-825, CHJ 2, OHG, atl2, bk, lvA3 191 CAH 8, DGRBM 2-271, 190 DGRG 2-1187 |
| c.192 | CHAROPS, a chief of Epirus, is sent to Antiochus-III who is wintering at Chalcis Euboea to point out that Epirus is more exposed to Roman attack than Greece, and to ask him to excuse Epirus from siding with him unless he is able and willing to protect them. Charops continues to the end of his life to cultivate the friendship of the Romans, and sends his grandson Charops to Rome for education after his son Machatas died. | 192 DGRBM 1-690, wikCE no date: CAH 8-283 |
| c.192 | Aetolians appoint Antiochus-III their general against the Romans. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | Achaean League refuses to support Antiochus-III. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | A Roman army detachment is defeated at Delium by troops of Antiochus-III, DELIUM, a small place with a celebrated temple of Apollo, on the coast in the territory of Tanagra in Boeotia. | 192 DGRG 1-757 |
| c.192 | Boeotians and others support Antiochus-III. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | CHALCIS Euboea, under Rome from 200, comes under Antiochus-III until 191. | 192 rcSB3 |
| c.192 | EPIDROMOS leader of Thessalians for only 8 months, is replaced by EUNOMOS. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187 holds a council at Demetrias Magnesia. Hannibal is present, but Antiochus fails to follow his advice, prefering that of Alexander the Acarnanian. | 192 atl2 |
| c.192 | Rome / Aetolia War begins until 189. Aetolia declares war. | 192 B76 I-117, LEWH 92 |
| c.192 | On beginning of war with Rome, Aetolian Archedamos goes to Achaeans to get help. | 192 DGRBM 1-260 |
| c.192 | CHALCIS Euboea surprised by Romans who kill the inhabitants, but they have an insuficient force to occupy it permanently. | 192 DGRG 1-600 |
| c.192 | GREECE SPLITS. Philip-V, Achaean League, and Athens join Rome. Elis, Boeotia, Amynander of Athamania, Messenia join Antiochus-III. | 192 B76 8-384, SORH |
| c.192 | M. Baebius Tamphilus and Philip-V join forces to fight enemies in Thessaly. | 192 Dec CAH 8-213, GHH |
| c.192/1 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas, king of Syria, wintering at Chalcis, marries Euboea, dau of local Chalcidian Cleoptolemos. | 192 DGRBM 1-803, GHH 191 atl2 |
| c.192/1 | M. Baebius Tamphilus is able to garrison Larissa, just as Antiochus-III is preparing to storm it. | 192/1 CAH 8-283 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, accompanied by Hannibal captures many Thessalian cities, but fails to captures Larissa. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | Appius CLAUDIUS PULCHER serves under M. Baebius until he leaves, and then under Glabrio until 1??. | 191 DGRBM 1-769 |
| c.191 | Consul M' ACILIUS GLABRIO, with 20,000 inf, 2,000 cav, 15 elephants, sails from Brundisium to Apollonia Illyria, marches toward Thessaly. He is in the area until 190. Ti. Sempronius Longus is his legate. M. Porcius Cato Censorinus is tribune under him, and remains in Greece until later 191. | 191 B76 II-645, 1-994, Feb CAH 8-213, 454, DGRBM 1-639, 2-806, Dur 3-102, SORH, atl2 |
| c.191 | PHERAE Thessaly taken first by Antiochus-III, but recovered by M' Acilius Glabrio before the year is out. | 191 DGRG 2-352, 595, 933 |
| c.191 | CRANNON Thessaly taken by Antiochus-III. | 191 DGRG 1-699, 2-352 |
| c.191 | CYPAERA and METROPOLIS Thessaly taken by Antiochus-III after Crannon. | 191 DGRG 2-352 |
| c.191 | CYRETIAE and ERITIUM in Perraebia taken by Antiochus-III, but recovered by M. BAEBIUS and Philip-V in same year. | 191 DGRG 1-736, 850, 2-352 |
| c.191 | SCOTUSSA Thessaly, taken by Antiochus-III, then recovered by consul M' Acilius Glabrio. | 191 DGRG 2-933 |
| c.191 | THAUMACI in Phthiotis Thessaly taken by consul M' Acilius Glabrio. | 191 DGRG 2-1137 |
| c.191 | PROERNA in Phthiotis Thessaly, taken by Antiochus-III, then recovered by consul M' Acilius Glabrio. | 191 DGRG 2-671 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, proceeds to Larissa. | 191 DGRG 2-352 |
| c.191 | PELINNA Thessaly occupied by Athamanians, but soon recovered by Romans. | 191 DGRG 2-568 |
| c.191 | DIODOTOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 192, ends. TIMOUCHOS succeeds until 190. | 191 wikEA |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, accompanied by Hannibal returns from Thessaly to Euboea to spend Feb. at headquarters at Chalcis. | 191 CAH 8-212 |
| c.191 | MNASILOCHOS, a chief of the Acarnanians, is bribed by Antiochus-III. | 191 DGRBM 2-1105 |
| c.191 | ACARNANIA, persuaded by chief Mnasilochos, sides with Antiochus-III, against Romans. | 191 DGRG 1-10 |
| c.191 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 sends ambassadors to Rome, with offers of support against Antiochus-III, who is now in Greece. | 191 DGRBM 3-284 |
| c.191 | PHARSALOS Thessaly, under Antiochus-III from ?, surrenders to M' Acilius Glabrio. | 191 DGRG 2-590, 933 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, marches to Acarnania because he has partisans there. He learns that Philip-V, with Roman approval, is fast reconquering the Thessalian cities from him, and that Glabrio has entered north Thessaly. | 191 Mar CAH 8-213, LdHR 2-40 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria occupies most of Acarnania. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | Aetolians, after all their promises to Antiochus-III, now send him only 4,000 troops to Acarnania. | 191 LdHR 2-40 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria disappointed in Acarnania, starts moving east, sends messages to his admiral Polyxenidas to send more troops. | 191 LdHR 2-40 |
| c.191 | BAEBIUS and GLABRIO expell Syrians and Aetolians from south Thessaly and and capture numerous towns. Philip-V expells Syrians and Aetolians from north Thessaly and and captures many towns. | 191 CAH 8-214, LdHR 2-41, atl2 |
| c.191 | Aetolian envoy NICANDER falls into the hands of Philip-V, by whom he is treated with unexpected kindness. | 191 DGRBM 2-1173 |
| c.191 | LIMNAEA in Histiaeotis Thessaly taken by Romans. | 191 DGRG 2-192 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria captures son of Scipio Africanus. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria occupies and fortifies pass at Thermopylae. He sends his Aetolians to guard the mountain pass, so as not to be encircled like Leonidas 480. These Aetolians are more concerned with plundering Trachinian Heraclea. | 191 B76 IX-949, LdHR 2-40, SORH, atl2 |
| c.191 | Manius Acilius GLABRIO, arrives at Thermopylae, camps at the old Persian campground, sends M. Cato and L. V. Flaccus to force their way over the mountain pass. | 192 LdHR 2-40-1 |
| c.191 | Manius Acilius GLABRIO, with M. Cato and L. V. Flaccus defeat Antiochus-III and Aetolians at THERMOPYLAE by repeating the Persian maneuver of 480. | 192 MCAW 191 B76 II-645, 1-994, 8-384, 15-1093, BI+N 132, CAH 8, CDCC 53, 172, DGRBM 1-197, 2-166, GHH, ISBE 1-145, LdHR 2-41, LEWH 92, OCD 440, 467, Sdl 5-237, SORH, TTPC, atl2, bk |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, with 500 remaining troops flees from Thermopylae to Chalcis Euboea. | 191 B76 1-994, LdHR 2-41, SORH |
| c.191 | Buplagus, a soldier of Antiochus who was killed at Thermopylae, comes back to life and foretells Romans' success in Anatolia. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | DAMOCRITOS, strategos of 2nd Aetolian League, is defeated by Romans at Heraclea near Mt. Oeta, and captured. He and other leading Aetolians are sent to Rome. | 191 DGRBM 1-936 |
| c.191 | ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria / Babylonia 223-187, flees from Chalcis Euboea to Ephesus. But Aetolians continue to fight Glabrio. | 191 BHS 2-86, Apr CAH 8, SORH, atl2 |
| c.191 | CHALCIS Euboea, under Antiochus-III from 192, comes under Rome, goes with Euboea thereafter. | 191 rcSB3 |
| c.191 | EUBOEA, occupied by Antiochus-III from 192, comes under Rome until 395CE. | 191 rcSB3 |
| c.191 | Aetolian envoys NICANDER and Thoas sent to Antiochus-III, now at Ephesus, to beg assistance. They succeed. 12 days later they return to Phalara, on the Maliac Gulf of Thessaly. | 191 DGRBM 2-1173 |
| c.191 | Trachinian HERACLEA west of Thermopylae, now under Aetolians, besieged by Manius Acilius GLABRIO 24 days and taken. | 191 DGRBM 3-232, DGRG 2-1218, atl2 |
| c.191 | After fall of Heraclea, Aetolians send an embassy under Phaeneas to surrender to Glabrio. But Phaeneas makes exorbitant demands, and the war is continued, though the Romans are first diverted against Antiochus-III. | 191 DGRBM 3-232 |
| c.191 | After defeat of Antiochus-III, Aetolian Archedamos goes to Glabrio to sue for peace. | 191 DGRBM 1-260 |
| c.191 | A. Atilius SERRANUS, fleet commander from 192, succeeded by praetor C. Livius SALINATOR until ? in the war against Antiochus-III. Atilius then captures in the Aegean a large fleet of transports carrying provisions to Antiochus-III, and sails to the Piraeus. | 191 BHS 2-89, DGRBM 3-695, 788 |
| c.191 | M. Porcius CATO, in Greece 191, sent by Glabrio to Rome to report victory. | 191 LdHR 2-41, atl2 |
| c.191 | After defeat of Antiochus-III, Epirus, Boeotia, Elis, Messenia make peace with Glabrio. | 191 SORH |
| c.191 | FLACCUS, dispached by Acilius Glabrio to subdue Aetolians. | 191 LdHR 2-41 |
| c.191 | Acilius GLABRIO besieges Naupactos, naval base of Aetolians. T. Flamininus arrives in his camp, and reminds him that Aetolia is necessary to maintain balance of power against Philip-V. Glabrio abandons the siege. | 191 LdHR 2-41 |
| c.191 | When the Aetolians sue for peace, M' Acilius Glabrio demands that Menestas of Epirus be delivered up, but the Aetolians don't comply. | 191 DGRBM 2-1041 |
| c.191 | Aetolian envoy NICANDER reaches Hypata Aetolia when the Aetolians are deliberating peace, and by bringing some money from Antiochus-III, and the promise of further aid, he succeeds in persuading them to refuse the terms proposed by the Romans. | no date: DGRBM 2-1174 |
| c.191 | Aetolians reject Roman peace terms. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | DELPHI, under Aetolians from 300, freed by Romans and under Rome until 395CE. The amphictyony is reconstituted as a pro-Roman body. | 191 rcSB3 191-88 CAH 8-302 |
| c.191 | ZAKYNTHOS island west of Peloponnese, under Philip from ?, siezed by Romans until ?. | 191 B76 X-853, DGRG 2-1335, LdHR 2-42 |
| c.191 | T. Quinctius FLAMININUS orders Diophanes, general of Achaean League, to abandon siege of Messene, and stop fighting with Messenia and Elis, then orders Messenia and Elis to join Achaean League. | 191 LdHR 2-41, atl2 |
| c.191 | CHALCIS Euboea votes divine honors to T. Quinctius Flamininus. Other Greek cities follow suit. | 191 CDCC 772 |
| c.191 | MESSENIA joins Achaean League. | 191 DGRG 1-16 |
| c.191 | ELIS joins Achaean League. | 191 DGRG 1-16 |
| c.191 | Aetolians, besieged in Naupactos by Glabrio agree to a truce. Aetolian envoys including Pantaleon convey message to Glabrio. Aetolians send embassy to Rome. | 191 DGRBM 3-113, SORH, atl2 |
| c.191 | Aristaenos urges Achaean League to follow Romans' advice and restore Spartan exiles, but Philopoemen refuses to allow it. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | AMYNANDER king of Athamania from ?, ally of Antiochus-III, ousted until 189 by Philip-V. Flees with wife & kids to Ambracia. | 191 OCD 56 |
| c.191 | ATHAMANIA overrun by Romans. | 191 SORH |
| c.191 | DEMETRIAS Magnesia, under Eurylochos and Aetolians from 192, taken by Philip-V, under Macedonia until 168. | 191 DGRG 1-769, OCD 325 |
| c.191 | Eunomus retains his position as leader of Thessalians for another year. | 191 atl2 |
| c.191 | DEMETRIUS, 2nd son of Philip-V, hostage in Rome from 196, returns to Philip-V, in Macedonia until 184. | 191 atl2 no date: B76 15-1094 |
Balkan Peninsula 190-171 V
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