| c.100 | AFRICA PROVINCE, corresponding to modern Tunisia from 146, extended west to near the present Algeria border. | 100 B76 I-123 |
| c.100 | BOCCHUS, king of Mauretania 110-80, goes on expedition to Western Ethiopians. | 100 atl1 |
| c.100 | Arabian CAMEL introduced to Sahara. | 100 PW 17, TAWH 18 |
| c.100 | EUDOXUS of Cyzicus 3rd voyage, he tries to circumnavigate Africa. | 100 atl1 |
| c.100 | Hellenistic Jew, JASON of Cyrene flourishes. Wrote a 5 volume history down to the victory over Nicanor. 2Maccabees is a sumary of it. Glorifies the temple, attacks Jewish Hellenizers, though his own style is Hellenistic. | after 162 DGRBM 2-555 100 B76 10-313, wikJoC |
| c.96 | Son of P-8 Physcon, Ptolemy APION dies. King of Cyrene from 116, dies bequeathing Cyrene to the Roman people. The senate refuses the legacy, and declares the cities of the Cyrenaica free. | 96 AΨΨ 371, B76 VIII-283, 6-483, 8-386, CAH 9-316, DGRBM 3-568, GHH, IDB 1-754, ISBE 3-1050, Jud 5-1183, MCAW 238, OCD 307, atl1, rcNA, wikKC |
| c.96 | CYRENAICA, under Ptolemies from 149, under Apion from 110, becomes free under Roman influence until 74. | 96 AΨΨ 371, B76 III-329, 8-386, GHH, ISBE 1-845, Jud 5-1183, OCD 307, rcNA, wikLbR |
| c.96 | LIBYA, under Ptolemies from 323, under Egypt from 116, comes under Rome until 37/6. | 96 rcNA |
| c.91 | BOCCHUS-I ends. King of Mauretania from 110. Sons BOCCHUS-II and BOGUD do not succeed until 49. | 91 B76 II-108 91-81 Brit 80 rcNA, wikMrt |
| c.88 | P. SEXTILIUS becomes governor of Africa province until 87. | 88 hifiC, wikAf, rcNA |
| 88 | GAUDA dies. King of Numidia from 105. Kingdom is divided into a larger eastern kingdom and a smaller western kingdom. Son HIEMPSAL-II succeeds in east until 84. MASTEABAR succeeds in west until 81. | 88 rcNA, wikH2, wikKNm |
| c.88 | MARIUS flees from Rome, tries to land near Carthage in Africa province, but is forbidden by P. Sextilius governor of Africa. | 88 DGRBM 3-810, GHH, atl1 |
| c.88 | MARIUS moves to Numidia, and begins to gather his friends and supporters. | 88 atl1 |
| c.88 | CASSIUS DIONYSIUS flourishes in Utica. Writes Georgica , 20 books on agriculture, botany and medicine. | 88 B76 II-616 |
| c.87 | P. SEXTILIUS, governor of Africa province from 88, returns to Rome. Q.(6) Caecilius METELLUS PIUS succeeds 86-84. | 87 CAH 9-177, atl1, hifiC, wikAf, rcNA |
| C. Fabius HADRIANUS governs Africa province 87-4. | DGRBM 2-323 |
| c.87 | Consul L.(2) Cornelius CINNA, besieged in Nola by the force left by Sulla, notifies C. Marius in Africa. | 87 CAH 9-175, LEWH 106, OCD 746, atl1 |
| c.87 | C. MARIUS, leader of populares, in Africa from 88, returns, (P. Cornelius Cethegus accompanies), lands at Telamon Etruria. | 87 CAH 9-175, DGRG 2-1121, Dur 3-124, OCD 224, atl1, wikSl |
| 87/6 winter | Sullan quaestor L.(4) Licinius LUCULLUS with 6 ships sails from Crete to Cyrene, finds feuding neighbors and petty tyrants, restores order temporarily, sails to Egypt. | 87 CAH 9-153, DGRBM 3-596 87/6 CAH 9-390, DGRBM 2-832 86 CAH 9-390, atl1 |
| c.86 | Fimbria assassinates Flaccus in Numidia. | 86 GHH |
| 84 | HIEMPSAL-II ends. King of Numidia from 88. IARB succeeds until 82. | 84 rcNA |
| c.84 | M.(3) Licinius CRASSUS, in Spain from 87, goes to Africa, joins Metellus. He soon disagrees with Metellus and joins Sulla. | 84 wikMLC |
| c.84 | Q.(6) METELLUS PIUS, Sullan governor of Africa from 86, defeated by C. Fabius Hadrianus, populare governor of Africa. Metellus returns to Italy. C. FABIUS HADRIANUS governs Africa until 82. | 84 DGRBM 2-1060, OCD 678, atl1, rcNA |
| 82 | Populare consul Gn.(2) Papirius CARBO sails from Italy to Africa, then learns of Pompey attacking populares in Sicily, so he goes to Sicily. | 82 DGRBM 1-612, OCD 204 |
| 82 | Gn.(5) Domitius AHENOBARBUS, populare, proscribed by Sulla, flees from Rome to Africa, joins others there for the same reason. | 82 DGRBM 1-85 |
| c.82 | C. FABIUS HADRIANUS, populare governor of Africa from 84, is burnt to death in a riot at Utica. | 82 CAH 9-191, atl1 |
| 82 | IARB ends. King of Numidia from 84. MASSINISSA-II succeeds and ends. HIEMPSAL-II succeeds until 81. | 82 rcNA |
| 81 | HIEMPSAL-II, king of Numidia from 82, driven out by Numidians themselves, or by Hiarbas, ruler of part of Numidia, supported by Gn.(5) Domitius Ahenobarbus. | 81 wikH2 |
| c.81 | Sullan POMPEY, sails from Sicily to Africa to oppose Gn.(5) Domitius Ahenobarbus, governs until 79. | 81 CAH 9-196, DGRBM 2-449, 3-478, wikH2 |
| c.81 | C. FABIUS HADRIANUS, populare governor of Africa from 84, defeated by POMPEY. | 82 rcNA, wikAf 81 DGRBM 3-478 |
| 81 | Gn.(5) Domitius AHENOBARBUS, populare, and ally Numidian chief Hiarbas, defeated by Pompey near Utica. Only 3,000 of Domitius' 20,000 survive. | 82/1 DGRBM 1-85 81 DGRBM 2-449, atl1 80 GHH |
| c.81 | Sullan POMPEY invades Numidia and establishes HIEMPSAL-II as king until 60. | 81 atl1, wikH2, wikKNm |
| 81 | MASTEABAR ends. King of west Numidia from 88. MASINISSA-II succeeds until 46. | 81 rcNA, wikH2, wikKNm |
| c.81 | Sullan POMPEY persuades his army not to mutiny after they are ordered by Sulla to return to Italy. | 81 atl1 |
| c.81 | Populare Gn.(5) Domitius AHENOBARBUS is killed by Pompey when his camp is stormed, or soon after. | 81 CAH 9-196, DGRBM 1-85, 3-478, atl1 |
| c.81 | Q. SERTORIUS, in Nearer Spain from 83, driven out by C Annius Luscus, sails to Mauretania, defeats Ascalis and captures Tingis, after which he digs up alleged remains of Antaeus. He tries to settle, but is forced to leave, goes to Pityussa island off coast of Spain. | 81 GHH, atl1, rcIb 80 MCAW 244 |
| c.81 | Sullan POMPEY rewards Hasdrubal of Gades and several others with Roman citizenship for their services in Africa. | 81 atl1 |
| c.81 | Sullan POMPEY is named Magnus by his troops. | 81 CAH 9-197, atl1 |
| 81/0 | Numidian chief HIARBAS, delivered to Pompey, executed. His chiefdom is given to Hiempsal-II. | 81 wikKNm 81/0 DGRBM 2-449, 3-478 |
| 81/0 | Pompey secures Africa province for Sulla. | 81 CAH 9, ttpm |
| c.80 | Pompey receives letter from Sulla ordering Pompey to disband his army except for 1 legion, with which to wait till his successor arrives. | 81 CAH 9-196 |
| c.80 | Pompey in Africa. Utica is his base for campaign against Populares. | 81 CAH 9, CDCC 916 |
| c.80 | POMPEY, Sullan governor of Africa from 82, collects many elephants and lions in Numidia to grace his anticipated triumph, and returns with his army (contrary to Sulla's orders) to Rome. | 81 CAH 9-197 80 DGRBM 3-478 79 wikAf |
| 80 | Q. Sertorius, in Africa from ?, lands in Spain until 72 to support a Lusitani rebellion. | 80 B76 IX-74, CAH 9-206, Dur 3-136, OCD 980, LEWH 107, atl1, wikRCH, wikTAR |
| c.77 | L.(4) Licinius LUCULLUS sails from Rome, becomes governor of Africa until 76/5. | 77 rcNA, wikAf, wikLcl |
| c.76 | Aretaphila frees Cyrene from tyrants Nicocrates and Leander. | 76 atl1 |
| c.76/5 | L. Licinius LUCULLUS, governor of Africa from 77, returns to Rome, succeeded by A. Manlius TORQUATUS until 67. | 76 rcNA 76/5 wikAf 75 wikLcl |
| 75 | C. Aurelius COTTA formally confirms Hiempsal-II's right to some disputed territory. | 75 atl1 |
| 75 | P. Cornelius LENTULUS SPINTHER is sent from Rome to organize Cyrenaica as a province. | 75 atl1, wikKC |
| 74 | CYRENAICA, under Rome from 96, annexed as a senatorial province under a quaestor until 37/6. | 75 rcNA 75/4 CAH 9-319 74 B76 6-483, CAH 9-390, IDB 3-941, Jud 11-199, LEWH 107, OCD 307, wikHLb, wikLb, wikLbR |
| 69 | Gn. PLANCIUS serves with A. Manlius TORQUATUS in Africa. | 69 atl1 |
| 67 | CRETE is attached to senatorial province of Cyrenaica. Cyrene is capital. | 67 B76 III-328 |
| 67 | CYRENAICA, senatorial province 74-37, shows evidence of much administrative activity under Gn. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus. | 67 CAH 10-621 |
| 67 | A. Manlius TORQUATUS governor of Africa from 76, returns to Rome. Optimate L. Sergius CATILINE becomes propraetor of Africa until 66. | 67 B76 II-644, DGRBM 1-629, OCD 214, atl1, rcNA, wikAf, wikCat |
| 67/6 | PTOLEMAIS on coast of Cyrenaica is made a home for former pirates by Pompey. | 67/6 CAH 10-625 |
| 66 | L. Sergius CATILINE, governor of Africa from 67, returns to Rome. | 66 B76 II-644, rcNA, wikAf, wikCat |
| c.63 | P. SITTIUS, in Spain from 64, goes to Mauretania. His property in Italy is sold to pay his debts. He continues in Africa, selling his mercenary services to one prince after another. | 63 DGRBM 3-844 |
| 62/1 | Q. Pompeius RUFUS sent from Rome, becomes proconsul of Africa until 60/59. M. Caelius accompanies to learn how to administer a province, and to look after his father's property. | 62 rcNA, wikAf 61 DGRBM 3-476, 671, atl1 |
| 60 | HIEMPSAL-II dies. Client king of Numidia from 82. Son JUBA-I succeeds until 46. | 60 B76 13-150, OCD 743, rcNA, wikKNm, wikNm 63-50 B76 V-621 |
| 60 | Q. Pompeius RUFUS, governor of Africa from 62, ends. | 60 rcNA 60/59 wikAf |
| 58 | T. VETTIUS JUDEX sent from Rome to become governor of Africa until 57. | 58 rcNA, wikAf |
| 57 | T. VETTIUS governor of Africa from 58, ends. | 57 wikAf |
| 56 | Q. VALERIUS ORCA becomes governor of Africa and ends same year. | 56 rcNA, wikAf |
| 52 | P. Attius VARUS comes from Italy to Africa, becomes governor until 51. | 56 rcNA 52 wikAf 49 atl1 |
| c.51 | P. Attius VARUS, governor of Africa from 52, returns to Rome. C. Considius LONGUS succeeds until 50. | 51 wikAf 50 rcNA |
| 50 | C. Considius LONGUS, governor of Africa from 51, leaves legate Q. Ligarius in charge of Africa, while he returns to Rome to run for consul. | 50 DGRBM 2-786, wikAf 49 rcNA |
| 49 Jan | P. Attius VARUS, proconsul of Africa with 12th legion, sails to Italy. | 49 Dur 3-182, OCD 1108 |
| 49 Mar | Pompeian L. ATTIUS VARUS sails from Brundisium to Africa. Q. Ligarius turns over the province to him. Varus runs Africa province until 48. Sextus Quintilius Varus joins him. | 49 DGRBM 2-786, 3-1229, 1231, OCD 1108, rcNA, wikAf |
| 49 | L. Aelius TUBERO is assigned by senate to Africa, shows up at Utica, but Varus won't let him land. He sails away. | 49 DGRBM 2-786, 3-1230 |
| c.49 | MASTANESOSUS, king of Mauretania from ?, ends. Son of B-I, BOCCHUS-II, becomes king of east Λ Mauretania until 38. Bro BOGUD becomes king of west Mauretania until 38. Both support Caesar, Bogud until 44. | 49 B76 II-109, DGRBM 1-498, DGRG 2-298, OCD 171, wikMrt |
| 49 | JUBA-I, client king of Numidia 60-46, allies with Pompey until 46. | 49 B76 V-621 |
| 49 | L.(6) JULIUS CAESAR, son of L.(5) legate of Caesar, turns Pompeyan and sails from Italy to Africa, and is assigned command of Clupea. | no date: DGRBM 1-538-9, wikLJC |
| c.49 | Pompeyan Q. or L. NASIDIUS, sails from Massilia to Africa, where he commands the Pompeian fleet. | 49 DGRBM 2-1142 |
| c.49 | M.(6) Porcius CATO, conservative chased out of Sicily by C.(4) Scribonius Curio, sails to Africa until 49/8. | 49 CAH 9, Dur 3-183, OCD 502 |
| 49 mid | Praetor C.(4) Scribonius CURIO and C.(1) Asinius POLLIO are sent by Caesar with 2 legions from Sicily to Africa to stop Pompeyan Juba-I of Numidia. | 49 B76 III-302, V-621, DGRBM 2-635, unrvCS, wikGAP, wikGSC |
| c.49 | Pompeyan C. CONSIDIUS LONGINUS returns to Africa until ?, holds Adrumetum with 1 legion. | 49 DGRBM 1-827 |
| 49 | P. Attius VARUS, Pompeyan proconsul of Africa 49-8, defeated by Caesarean praetor C.(4) Scribonius CURIO at Utica, before Juba-I can help him. | 49 DGRBM 2-635, OCD 1108, wikCCW, wikGSC |
| 49 | C.(4) Scribonius CURIO, at approach of Juba-I, retreats to Castra Cornelia, a strong position on the coast. Juba-I pretends to withdraw to the interior leaving only a small force under general Sabura to relieve Utica. Curio buys it, and attacks. | 49 DGRBM 2-635 |
| 49 | Praetor C.(4) Scribonius CURIO, Caesarean from 50, wiped out except for a few cohorts of cavalry by general Sabura, helped by Attius Varus, at 2nd Battle of Bagradas River, CURIO dies, killed or suicides. Wife from 52 Fulvia will marry Antony 47/6. Survivors of his army are executed by Juba-I, over objection of Attius Varus. | 49 B76 III-302, V-621, CAH 9-431, DGRBM 1-585, 2-188, 635, 3-691, 1230, MCAW 256, atl1, wikCCW, wikGSC |
| 49 | FLAMMA, prefect of Curio at Utica, learns of defeat at Bagradas River, makes no effort to help fugitive Romans, sails away with his division of the fleet. | 47 DGRBM 2-168 |
| 49 | JUBA-I, client king of Numidia 60-46, is rewarded with independence by Pompey and his senators until 46, and declared a public enemy by Caesar and his senators. | 49 DGRBM 2-635 |
| c.49/8 | M.(6) Porcius CATO, conservative, in Africa from 49, sails from Africa to Greece until 48. Joins Pompey at Dyrrhachium. | 49 DGRBM 1-649, Dur 3-183, MCAW 256, OCD 215 |
| 48 Aug 9 | PHARSALUS |
| 48 | Q.(10) METELLUS PIUS SCIPIO, dad-in-law of Pompey, escapes from Pharsalus to Corcyra to Africa until ?. | 48 B76 VI-836, DGRBM 2-1063, OCD 678, atl1, wikMS |
| 48 | Pompeyan L. Manlius TORQUATUS sails from Corcyra? to Africa. | 48 DGRBM 3-1165 |
| 48 | Pompeyans M.(6) Porcius CATO and T. LABIENUS sail from Corcyra to Cyrene. Cato takes over Pompey's remaining forces there. | 48 DGRBM 1-649, 2-697, OCD 215, atl1, wikTLb |
| 48 | CORNELIA, widow of Pompey, and son Sextus, sails from Cyprus to Cyrene. She is pardoned by Caesar and returns to Italy. | 48 DGRBM 1-855, 3-489 |
| 48 | Pompeyan M. PETREIUS, sails from Achaea to Africa. | 48 DGRBM 3-214, wikPtr |
| 48 | Republican M.(6) Porcius CATO learns of Pompey's death, marches his troops west from Cyrene across the desert for 6 days to join other republicans in Africa province, where he yields command to Q.(10) Metellus Pius Scipio. | 48 CAH 9-435, atl1 47 DGRBM 1-649 |
| 48 | P. Attius VARUS, Pompeyan proconsul of Africa from 49, yields supremacy to Q.(10) METELLUS PIUS SCIPIO until 46. | 48 DGRBM 2-1063, 3-1230, OCD 1108, rcNA, wikAf, wikMS |
| 48 | As soon as Q.(10) METELLUS PIUS SCIPIO takes command, he tries to destroy the important town of Utica, to gratify Juba, but Cato talks him out of it. | 48 DGRBM 2-1063, atl1 |
| 47 | Gn.(3) POMPEIUS, 1st son of Pompey, sails from Corcyra for Spain. Only now learns from his bro Sextus of the death of their father, sails first to Africa until 47. | 47 DGRBM 3-488-9 |
| 47 | Republican M.(6) Porcius CATO fortifies Utica. | 47 atl1 |
| 47 | Republican M.(3) OCTAVIUS flees from Dyrrhachium to Africa. | 47 DGRBM 3-9 |
| 47 | Caesareans Q. COMINIUS and L. TICIDA captured by Pompeyan commander Virgilius near Thapsus when crossing to Africa. | 47 DGRBM 1-816, 3-1126 |
| 47 | Gn.(3) POMPEIUS, 1st son of Pompey, sails west from Africa, but lands in Mauretania, attacks town of Ascurum (location unknown) in Mauretania unsuccessfully. | 47 DGRBM 3-489 46 DGRBM 1-498 |
| 47 | T. LABIENUS creates confidence in the republicans by claiming that Caesar had received a mortal wound at Pharsalus. | 47 wikTLb |
| c.47 | Republican C. CONSIDIUS LONGINUS commander of Adrumetum, attacks Acholla, a free town favoring Caesar, repulsed, returns to Adrumetum. | 47 DGRBM 1-827 |
| c.47 | TISDRA (Tusdro, Thysdrus) taken by republican C. CONSIDIUS LONGINUS commander of Adrumetum. | 47 DGRBM 1-827 |
| 47 Oct | CAESAR with 7 legions, totaling 30,000 men and 2,600 cav sails from Lilybaeum for Africa to deal with partisans and sons of Pompey, lands 3,000 men near Adrumetum in Dec. | 47 CAH 9, DGRBM 1-215, 424, 552, 2-635, DGRG 1-70, GHH, atl1, sjsu, unrvCA, vrm, wikCCW |
| P.(2) Cornelius Dolabella accompanies. | DGRBM 1-1059, 3-1182 |
| c.47 Dec | Republican C. CONSIDIUS LONGINUS commander of Adrumetum, receives a letter from Caesar via a captive, whom Considius kills because he referred to Caesar as imperator. | 47 DGRBM 1-827 |
| 46 Jan 1 | CAESAR retreats from Adrumetum and establishes a new camp at Ruspina. He then moves to Leptis. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 Jan | SALLUST (C. Sallustius Crispus) the historian, Caesarean, is made praetor, and sent from Rome to Africa. | 47 GHH 46 GHH, MCAW 259, wikSls |
| 46 Jan 3 | CAESAR moves back from Leptis to Ruspina. | 46 atl1 |
| Both sides play a game of feints, skirmishes, and capturing towns. Caesar has supply problems. Republicans suffer defections, and are mostly content to disrupt Caesar rather than attack with full force. | 46 unrvCA |
| 46 Jan 4 | Republicans T. LABIENUS and M. PETREIUS attack Caesar and are narrowly defeated at Ruspina. Nearly 1/3 of Caesar's army is killed. Labienus then joins Scipio and becomes his legate. | 48 wikCCW, wikBR 46 DGRBM 2-697, 3-214, atl1, wikTLb |
| 46 Jan | Republican M. PETREIUS is wounded at Ruspina. He ends up at Thapsus. | 48 DGRBM 3-214 |
| 46 Jan 25 | CAESAR beats back another attack by Labienus. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 Feb | Q.(10) METELLUS PIUS SCIPIO, commander of republicans, assembles 14 legions and 15,000 cav north of Thapsus. | 48 B76 IX-923 |
| 46 Feb? | CAESAR avoids battle with Metellus Scipio until reinforcements arrive. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | C.(1) Asinius POLLIO is summoned again from Rome to Africa in pursuit of Cato and Metellus Scipio. | 46 DGRBM 3-437, wikGAP |
| 46 | Gn.(3) POMPEIUS fails to gain support of king Bogud in Mauretania, and sails to Balearic Islands until later 46. | 46 atl1, wikGnPm |
| 46 | L.(1) Munatius PLANCUS accompanies Caesar in his African campaign and tries unsuccessfully, to induce republican commander C. Considius to surrender to him the town of Adrumetum. | 46 DGRBM 3-382 |
| 46 | CAESAR sends C. Sallustius to island of Cercina. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | Inconclusive skirmishes between Caesar and Metellus Scipio, near Uzitta. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | CAESAR receives further reinforcements, but dismisses Avienus and Fonteius, 2 disloyal tribunes. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | ACHOLLA, a town on the coast, submits to Caesar, and is put under Messius. | 46 DGRG 1-20 |
| 46 | BOGUD, king of west Mauretania 49-38, partisan of Caesar, attacks Pompeyan kingdom of Numidia. | 46 DGRBM 1-498 |
| 46 | CAESAR trains his troops to fight against elephants, and captures Sarsura, then goes to Agar north of Thapsus. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | C.(1) Asinius POLLIO is sent again to Africa in pursuit of Cato and Metellus Scipio. | 46 wikGAP |
| 46 | PACIDII, 2 republican generals in Africa under Metellus Scipio, one of whom falls in Battle of Tegea Arcadia? or Crete?. | 46 DGRBM 3-80 |
| 46 | C. VIRGILIUS commands republican fleet at Thapsus. | 46 DGRBM 3-1263 |
| 46 | CAESAR marches from Aggar to Thapsus. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | Mercenary P. Sittius, working for Bocchus of Mauretania, invades Numidia to draw off Juba. | 46 CAH 9-436 |
| 46 | JUBA-I, king of Numidia, republican ally from 47, with 30,000 men marches to support republican Metellus Scipio with 8 legions and 60 elephants, learns that Numidia has been invaded by Bogud and mercenary P. Sittius, sends only 30 elephants to help Scipio, returns with his army to deal with the invaders. Outcome unknown. Juba leaves general Saburra to deal with invaders, and returns with a reduced force to help Scipio. | 46 DGRBM 2-635, unrvCA |
| 46 Apr 6 | Caesar with 11 legions arrives at Thapsus. | unrvCA |
| 46 Fb-Ap | THAPSUS seaport: Caesar's troops under C. Caninius Rebilus, without orders, surge forward and defeat republicans under Metellus Scipio and general Saburra, killing 10,000. FINAL defeat of republicans. C. Vigilius surrenders Thapsus to Rebilus. Labienus and Metellus Scipio flee, Scipio to the sea, and with a small squadron steers first for Utica. Africa province is now under control of Caesar. | 46 B76 V-621, VI-836, IX-923, 3-579, CAH 9, DGRBM 1-552, 649, 2-1063, 3-1263, DGRG 1-70, 2-1135, GHH, LEWH 109, MCAW 256, atl1, ttjc, vrm, wikCCW, wikCY, wikJC, wikMS, wikSPm |
| 46 Fb-Ap | Caesar's legion V Alaudae, having fought successfully against the Republican elephants at Thapsus, becomes the only Caesarian legion not to have the bull as its emblem, instead being awarded the elephant.. | 46 wik5Al |
| 46 Apr 9 | News of republican defeat reaches Cato at Utica. He help people flee. | 46 unrvCA |
| 46 Apr 13 | M.(6) Porcius CATO dies. Only remaining champion of traditional morals, republican in Africa from 48, entrusts his son to L.(6) Julius Caesar and suicides, age 49, in Utica, rather than be pardoned by Caesar. | 47 Dur 3-110 46 B76 II-645, 15-1106, CDCC 172, DGRBM 1-539, 649, GHH, LEWH 109, MCAW 256, OCD 215, atl1, unrvCA, vrm, wikCCW, wikCY, wikJC |
| 46 | After Thapsus Q. LIGARIUS is captured at Adrumetum, spared but banished by Caesar. | 48 DGRBM 2-786 |
| 46 | After Thapsus T. LABIENUS joins Gn.(3) Pompeius in Spain. | 48 wikTLb |
| 46 | Q.(10) METELLUS PIUS SCIPIO dies. Governor of Africa province from 47, learns from Cato that there would be no security for him at Utica, tries to flee for Spain. Contrary winds force him back to Hippo Regius, where he encounters the fleet of Caesarean P. Sittius. Scipio's small squadron is overpowered, and he stabs himself and leaps into the sea. Republicans Plaetorius Rustianus and L. Manlius Torquatus are also killed. | 48 B76 IX-923, DGRBM 2-1063, 3-381, 752, 1165, atl1, rcNA, wikMS |
| 46 | After Thapsus the GAETULIANS defect from Juba-I to Caesareans. | 47 DGRBM 2-635 |
| 46 | Republican M.(6) Porcius CATO, M. Petreius, and JUBA-I flee from Thapsus to Utica, where republican M.(3) Octavius commands 2 legions. | 46 B76 II-645, DGRBM 3-9, 214, MCAW 256 |
| 46 | After Thapsus Republicans FAUSTUS SULLA and L. AFRANIUS try to escape to Spain. They are captured along with their families by Caesarean troops of P. Sittius. | 46 wikLA |
| 46 | JUBA-I dies. Client king of Numidia from 60, republican ally from 47, defeated by Caesarean mercenary P. Sittius at Thapsus, deposed, flees with M. Petreius, to Utica, but is expelled by M.(6) Porcius Cato, flees to Zama, which closes gates to him, dies with M. Petreius in a suicide duel in which Petreius kills Juba then himself.. Son JUBA-II is captured and raised in Rome. NUMIDIA, independent from 202, East Numidia is annexed to Rome, becomes province of AFRICA NOVA until 30. C. SALLUSTIUS, the historian, becomes 1st governor of Numidia until 45. West Numidia not annexed until 40. |
46 B76 V-621, 13-150, DGRBM 1-802, 2-635, 3-214, DGRG 2-455, LEWH 109, MCAW 256, 259, OCD 946, 994, atl1, rcNA, wikJC, wikKNm, wikNm, wikNmRP, wikPtr, wikSls |
| 46 | Republicans Faustus Cornelius SULLA and L. AFRANIUS, prisoners for a few days of P. Sittius, are killed by mutinied men of P. Sittius. Sulla's widow Pompeia and her children are delivered to Caesar and released.. | 48 DGRBM 3-473, OCD 1022, atl1, wikLA |
| 46 | Caesarean mercenary P. SITTIUS defeats general Saburra and senatorial remnants. | 46 OCD 994 |
| c.46 | Caesarean Gn. Domitius CALVINUS, governor of Asia from 47, sails to Africa, besieges Considius at Tisdra. | 46 DGRBM 1-585 |
| c.46 | After Thapsus, Republican C. CONSIDIUS LONGINUS commander at Tisdra, hears that Gn. Domitius Calvinus is approaching and secretly withdraws with some loot and Gaetulians intending to escape to Mauretania. He is either killed by the Gaetulians or captured and pardoned by Caesar. | 46 DGRBM 1-827, 828 |
| c.46 | Republican L.(6) Julius CAESAR is quaestor to Cato in Utica. | 46 DGRBM 1-539 |
| c.46 | CAESAR spares lives of Q. Ligarius and some others who fought against him in Africa. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | GABES (Qabis), under Numidia from 164, comes under Rome until 395. | 46 rcNA |
| 46 | Caesarean C. Caninius REBILUS becomes governor of Africa until 45. | 46 wikAf |
| 46 | TRIPOLITANIA attached to province of AFRICA NOVA. | 46 B76 X-129 |
| 46 | Caesarean mercenary leader P. SITTIUS captures Cirta, and forces Juba to return home. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 | Caesarean P. SITTIUS and his mercenaries are rewarded by Caesar with Cirta and vicinity. | 46 OCD 242, 994 |
| 46 | MASINISSA-II, king of west Numidia from 81, ends. P. SITTIUS is governor until 44. | 46 wikKNm |
| 46 | Gn.(3) POMPEIUS, 1st son of Pompey, attacks Caesarean BOGUD king of west Mauretania, then moves into Mediterranean islands. | 46 DGRBM 3-488, OCD 171 |
| 46 | P. LIGARIUS, whom Caesar had pardoned in Spain, and since returned to republican service, is captured by Caesar and executed. | 46 DGRBM 2-786 |
| 46 | Pompeyan A. CAECINA surrenders to Caesar. | 46 DGRBM 1-529, OCD 189 |
| c.46 | Money lender C. RABIRIUS Postumus is sent by Caesar from Africa to Sicily for provisions. | 46 DGRBM 3-512 |
| 46 | Legate C. DIDIUS sent by Caesar to Spain to fight Pompey's sons Gn.(3) and Sextus Pompeius. | 46 DGRBM 3-489, MCAW 257 |
| 46 | CARTHAGE, destroyed 146, refounded by Caesar as Roman colony JUNONIA. Finished 27. | 49 hifiC 46 PW 17 44 atl1 |
| c.46 | BOCCHUS-II, king of east Mauretania 49-38, is given much of Numidia. | 46 B76 II-109 |
| c.46 | Republican L.(6) Julius CAESAR dies. Captured and executed. | 46 atl1 |
| 46 Jul | CAESAR sails from Africa to Sardinia, then to Italy before going to Spain in Nov. | 46 CAH 9-436, DGRBM 1-552, 3-489, DGRG 2-910, MCAW 256, atl1, sjsu, vrm, wikTAR |
| P.(2) Cornelius Dolabella accompanies. | DGRBM 1-1059, 3-1182 |
| 45 early | C. Caninius REBILUS, governor of Africa from 46, ends. C. Calvisius SABINUS becomes governor of Africa Vetus until 44. | 45 DGRBM 3-689, rcNA, wikAf |
| 45 | End of the African war (46) | 45 GHH |
| 45 | Caesarian C. SALLUSTIUS, 1st governor of Africa Nova from 46, extorts money from his province, returns to Rome. T. SEXTILIUS succeeds 44-40. | 45 OCD 197, atl1 |
| 45 | TISDRA (Tusdro, Thysdrus), Punic settlement from ?, refounded by Caesar for his veterans. | 45 B76 IX-993 |
| 44 | P. SITTIUS, governor of west Numidia from 46, ends. ARABIO becomes king of west Numidia until 33. | 44 rcNA, wikKNm, wikNm |
| 44 | Caesarean P. SITTIUS and his mercenaries are rewarded by Caesar with Cirta and vicinity. | 44 OCD 242, 994 |
| 44 Mar | On death of Caesar, T. SEXTIUS is governor of Numidia (Africa Nova); Q. CORNIFICIUS is governor of Africa Vetus. | 44 DGRBM 3-810 |
| 44 mid | CYRENAICA is assigned to C. Cassius, but there is no sign that he ever went there. | 44 CAH 10-630 |
| 44 | C. Calvisius SABINUS, governor of Africa Vetus from 45, ends. Q. CORNIFICIUS, probably by Caesar's appointment succeeds until 43/2. | 44 OCD 292, rcNA, wikAf |
| 44 | Caesarean P. SITTIUS dies. Ruler of Cirta from 46, murdered by local chieftain Arabio. His people (Sittani) retain district identity. | 44 OCD 242, 994, atl1 |
| 44 | Caesarian C. Calvisius SABINUS, governor of Africa Nova from 45, is reappointed by Antony, but nothing comes of it because Antony is outlawed. Q. CORNIFICIUS remains governor. | 45 DGRBM 3-689, OCD 197 |
| c.44 | After the tyrannicide, BOCCHUS-II, king of east Mauretania 49-38 supports Octavian. Bro BOGUD king of west Mauretania 49-38 supports Antony. | 44 B76 II-109 |
| 43 | AFRICA is assigned to Octavian at treaty of Bononia. | 43 DGRG 1-70 |
| c.43 | L.(2) Cornelius BALBUS, neph of L.(1), quaestor in Spain from 45, absconds from Gades with money intended to pay troops, and flees to Bogud king of west Mauretania. | 43 DGRBM 1-457, wikGAP, wikL2Bl |
| 43 Dec? | Q. CORNIFICIUS, governor of Africa Vetus 44-42, proscribed by triumvirs. | 43 OCD 292 |
| 42 | Octavian obtains Africa Nova. T. Sextius is therefore ordered by L. Antonius to hand over Africa Nova to C. Fango, legate of Octavian. Sextius obeys, but remains in Africa Vetus, hoping that the present harmony between Octavian and Antony will not continue. | 42 GRBM 3-811 |
| 42 | Q. CORNIFICIUS dies. Governor of Africa Vetus, defeated by T. Sextius near Utica, killed. T. SEXTIUS becomes governor of Africa Nova until 40. C. FUFICIUS FANGO governor of Africa Vetus until 41. | 42 DGRG 1-70, OCD 292, atl1, rcNA, wikAf |
| 42 Oct | PHILIPPI Oct 3 Oct 23 |
| 41 | Octavian appoints C. Fuficius FANGO prefect of Africa Nova. | 40 DGRBM 2-135 |
| 41 | "TURKEY": Antony's aid writes to Fulvia describing banquets. Mentions quails, ducks, turkeys, and peacocks. This will mislead food historians in 1525. | 41 TTPC 73 |
| 41 | On beginning of Perusian War, Fulvia and L. Antonius urge T. SEXTIUS to take Africa Nova back from C. FUFICIUS FANGO. | 41 DGRBM 3-811 |
| 41 | C. FUFICIUS FANGO, governor of Africa Vetus from 42, defeated and expelled by T. SEXTIUS, who is restored until 40. Fango suicides. | 41 DGRBM 3-811, rcNA 40 atl1 |
| 40 | CANARY ISLANDS 100km west of Mauretania, discovered by Mauretanians. | 40 B76 II-502 |
| 40 | T. SEXTIUS, governor of Africa Nova from 44, Africa Vetus from 41, ends. | 40 wikAf, rcNA |
| 40 | ARABIO, king of west Numidia from 44, dies. Numidia remains under Rome until 30. | 40 wikKNm, wikNmRP 33 rcNA |
| 40 | NUMIDIA: East and west parts are united with Tripolitana by Octavian, to create Africa Proconsularis. | 40 wikNmRP |
| 40 Sp/Oc | Treaty of Brundisium assigns Africa to Lepidus. |
| 40 Oct | M. Aemilius LEPIDUS, triumvir in charge of Africa until 36, promotes distribution of land to veterans, possibly in order to build up a network of clients, and appears to have encouraged the Romanization of Tibilis in Numidia. | 40 CAH 10-44, atl1, rcNA, wikAf, wikLpd |
| 38 | While BOGUD, king of west Mauretania from 49, is in Spain, bro BOCCHUS-II usurps throne until 33. Bogud flees to Antony in the east until death 31. | 38 B76 II-109, DGRBM 1-494, atl1, wikMrt no date: OCD 171 |
| c.38 | BOGUD, king of west Mauretania 49-38, ally of Antony, at suggestion of L. Antonius, attacks Octavian's men in Spain, but forced to return to Mauretania by internal rebellion. | 38 DGRBM 1-494, 498 no date: OCD 171 |
| 37/6 | CYRENAICA, senatorial province under a quaestor from 74, restored to Egypt until 30 by Antony. | 37 wikKC 37/6 rcNA |
| c.37/6 | LIBYA, under Rome from 96, back under Egypt until 34. | 37/6 rcNA |
| 36 | Octavian summons Lepidus for help. | 36 CAH 10-34 |
| 36 | M. Aemilius LEPIDUS triumvir of Africa, raises 14 legions to help subdue Sextus Pompeius. | 36 wikLpd |
| 36 | UTICA granted municipal status. | 36 CAH 10-589 |
| 36 | M. Aemilius LEPIDUS triumvir of Africa from 40, stripped of all power by Octavian, who appoints T. Statilius TAURUS to govern Africa 35-34. Lepidus, on Octavian's order, goes on July 1 to Sicily. | 36 CAH 10-44, DGRBM 2-768, DGRG 1-70, OCD 1011, atl1, rcNA, wikAf |
| 36 | Phoenicia, Cyrene, and Cyprus, bestowed on Cleo-VII by Antony. | 36 CAH 10-63, GHH |
| 35 | Provinces of Africa (Africa Nova and Fossa Regia) united into province of AFRICA PROCONSULARIS. | 35 CAH 10-600 |
| 34 | T. Statilius TAURUS, Octavian's governor of Africa from 36, returns to Rome. L. CORNIFICIUS succeeds until 33. | 34 CAH 10-47, OCD 1011, atl1, rcNA, wikAf no date: OCD 292 |
| 34 | CYRENE, capital of Cyrenaica province, given by Antony to his dau, Cleo Selene until 30. | no date: OCD 307 |
| c.34 | LIBYA, under Egypt from 37/6, comes under Cleopatra Selene until 30. | 34 rcNA |
| 33 | BOCCHUS-II king of Mauretania 38-33, tries to punish 30 of his elephants. | 33 atl1 |
| 33 | BOCCHUS-II dies. King of Mauretania from 38. Octavian siezes MAURETANIA, makes it a Roman province until 25. | 33 B76 13-150, CAH 10-168, 346, 590, DGRBM 1-494, HRE 89, MCAW 260, atl1, wikB2, wikMrt |
| 33 | MAURETANIA: 12 Roman veteran colonies are founded from now until 25BC. After 25, they are attached to Baetica Spain for administrative purposes. | 33 CAH 10-350, 591 |
| 33 | L. CORNIFICIUS, Octavian's governor of Africa from 34, returns to Rome. | 33 OCD 292, rcNA, wikAf |
| 32 | MAURETANIA does not appear among provinces listed on Octavian's side. | 32 CAH 10-168 |
| 31 early | Cornelus GALLUS sent from Rome by Octavian to Africa to guard against attack from Egypt. | 31 CAH 10-99 |
| 31 Sep 2 | ACTIUM |
| 31 | ANTONY, with 40 ships, sails to Cyrene, goes to Praetonium. | 31 CAH 10-106 30 CAH 10-107 |
| 31 | L. Pinarus SCARPUS is left with 4 legions by Antony in Cyrene to govern Cyrenaica and protect Egypt from political disorder. | 30 CAH 10-59, DGRBM 3-735 no date: CAH 10-631 |
| 31/0 | C. Cornelius GALLUS sent with army by Octavian from Samos to Africa, to pursue Antony. | 31/0 DGRBM 2-227 30 CAH 10-106 |
| 31/0 | Antony's legions at Praetonium defect to Cornelius Gallus. Antony goes to Alexandria. | 30 CAH 10-107 |
| 31/0 | L. Pinarus SCARPUS, renegade Antonine in Cyrene, loses his 4 legions to C. Cornelus GALLUS, then defects to Octavian. Antony goes to Alexandria pursued by Gallus. | 30 CAH 10-107, OCD 456 |
| 30 | AFRICA NOVA, province from 46, restored as client kingdom of NUMIDIA until 25 under son of Juba-I, JUBA-II. | 30 DGRG 1-70, MCAW 264, OCD 743, rcNA 29 B76 V-621 |
| 30 | CYRENAICA, under Egypt from 37/6, under Antony's dau Cleo Selene from 34, comes back under Rome until 395CE. | 30 B76 III-329, rcNA |
| c.30 | LIBYA, under Egypt from 37/6, under Cleo Selene from 34, comes under Rome until 395CE. | 30 rcNA |
| 29 | AFRICA becomes an imperial province until 27. CARTHAGE is made capital by Octavian. New settlers are sent. | 29 B76 II-598, CAH 10-166 |
| 29 | L. Autronius PAETUS becomes governor of Africa until 28. | 29 rcNA 29/8 wikAf |
| 28 | L. Autronius PAETUS, governor of Africa from 29, ends. | 29/8 wikAf 28 rcNA |
| 27 | CARTHAGE, called JUNONIA from 46, and under construction from then, finished. | 27 hifiC |
| 27 | AFRICA, imperial province from 29, becomes a senatorial province. Legion-III Augusta remains at Ammaedara. | 27 CAH 10-166-7, 601, DGRG 1-70 |
| 27 | MAURETANIA does not appear among African provinces listed. | 27 CAH 10-168 |
| 27 | CYRENAICA is united with Crete and administered under a praetorian proconsul. | 27 CAH 10-631 20 wikLbR |
| 26 | CIRTA receives new settlers from Italy. | 26 CAH 10-166 |
| 25 | M. Acilius GLABRIO becomes governor of Africa and ends. | 25 wikAf |
| 25 | MAURETANIA, Roman province from 33, becomes a client kingdom, formed by union of Africa province and Numidia. | 25 B76 2-370, CAH 10-168, wikMrt |
| 25 | JUBA-II ends. King of Numidia from 30. NUMIDIA is back under Rome until 395CE. | 25 rcNA |
| 25 | JUBA-II, client king of Numidia from 30, appointed king of Mauretania until 23 CE by Augustus. He is given parts of Gaetulia to compensate for annexation of Numidia. | 25 B76 V-621, 13-150, CAH 10-168, 590, DGRG 1-70, CAH 10-346, DGRBM 2-636, DGRG 2-298, HRRP 4.1-63, MCAW 264, OCD 566, wikMrt |
| 25 | Dau of Antony and Cleo-VII, CLEO SELENE, in Rome from 30, given by Augustus in marriage to JUBA-II, client king of Mauretania 25BC-23CE. | 25 HRE 90 by 20 OCD 566 |
| 25 | In addition to restocking Carthage and Cirta, Augustus plants 3 or 4 colonies in Africa Vetus, at least 2 in Africa Nova, and 12 in Mauretania. He further settles veterans and other colonists in rural districts, the pagi outside the towns. | 25 CAH 10-168 |
| 22 | L. Sempronius ATRATINUS becomes proconsul of Africa until 21. | 22 rcNA |
| 21 | L. Sempronius ATRATINUS, proconsul of Africa from 22, ends. L.(2) Cornelius BALBUS succeeds until 19. | 21 OCD 160 20 wikAf |
| 19 Mar | L.(2) Cornelius BALBUS proconsul of Africa from 21, successful against the Garamantes. Returns to Rome. No proconsul of Africa until 14. | 20 rcNA 19 DGRG 2-176, HRE 90, OCD 150, 160, wikAf, wikL2Bl |
| c.15 | P. Sulpicius QUIRINIUS appointed by Augustus as governor of Crete and Cyrenaica. | 15 lvPSQ |
| c.15 | P. Sulpicius QUIRINIUS, proconsul of Cyrene, defeats the Marmadidae of Marmadica in Libya. | 15 OCD 908 |
| 14 | C. Sentius SATURNINUS becomes proconsul of Africa until 12. | 14 OCD 465, wikAf 14/3 wikGSS |
| c.14 | P. Sulpicius QUIRINIUS governor of Crete and Cyrenaica, defeats the Marmaridae, a tribe of desert raiders from Cyrenaica. | 14 wikQrn |
| c.14 | P. Sulpicius QUIRINIUS governor of Crete and Cyrenaica, fights the Garamantes, a tribe south of Cyrene. | 15-12 lvPSQ |
| 14 | Jews of Cyrene, persecuted by locals, denied permission to send donations to Jerusalem, get their rights restored by Augustus and Agrippa. | 14 Jud 5-1184 |
| 12 | C. Sentius SATURNINUS, proconsul of Africa from 14, returns to Rome. L.(4) Domitius AHENOBARBUS succeeds until 9. | 12 OCD 361, rcNA |
| 9 | L.(4) Domitius AHENOBARBUS, proconsul of Africa from 12, returns to Rome. P. Quinctilius VARUS succeeds until 6. | 9 wikAf 8 wikVar7 rcNA |
| 7-6 | Cities of CYRENAICA send ambassadors to Augustus, mainly concerning justice in criminal cases, but also relations of Greeks with Roman citizens and also Greeks with Greeks. | 7-6 CAH 10-634 |
| 6 | P. Quinctilius VARUS, proconsul of Africa from 9, ends to become governor of Syria. L. Volusius SATURNINUS, becomes proconsul of Africa until 5. | 7 wikVar 6 CAH 10-279, OCD 1109, rcNA 4 wikAf |
| 5 | L. Volusius SATURNINUS, proconsul of Africa from 6 ends. Q. FABIUS MAXIMUS succeeds until 1CE. | 6 rcNA |
North Africa 0-100
V